The one who remembers [1] the thirteenth [2].

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. And may Allah bless our master and lord Muhammad, his family, and his companions, and grant them abundant peace. Praise be to Allah, who illuminated the hearts of His saints ¹ with the lights of prophetic love, and chose them for His service in pre-eternity ², and honored them by following the Muhammadan Sunna and the Ahmadine ³ way. And praise be to Allah, who made their limbs obedient to Him and made them guided guides, by whom the seeker ⁴ is guided to knowledge of his Lord and to the acquisition of the perfect, chosen ⁵ character of His Beloved. And praise be to Allah, who honored them with knowledge of Him, made their tongues speak with the gems of His wisdom, and taught them from the religious sciences that which enables them to attain the pure etiquette of servitude and to fulfill the rights of Lordship. Blessings and peace be upon our master and lord Muhammad, praised for his great character, his good and pleasing conduct, his commendable actions, his pure and holy states, his beautiful attributes, and his brilliant perfections. To proceed: When I had finished recording what Allah facilitated for me in the previous journey ⁶ of the gems of the sensory and spiritual noble qualities ⁷ and the jewels of the great, authentic, transmitted traditions, I wished to mention here some of his pure and delightful biography, the gifts of his answered prayers of lordship ⁸, the brilliant and magnificent miracles, his clear and evident graces, and the great special characteristics mentioned in the revealed books and the sacred hadiths ⁹. So, O Allah, bless him and his family with a blessing that purifies us from vile deeds and human follies, perfumes our breaths with the fragrance of his Muhammadan scent and his pure and holy aromas, quenches our hearts from the springs of his sweet tastes and his ambergris and musk-like drinks, causes us to die upon his Hanafi ¹⁰ religion and his pure and spotless Sunna, sanctifies our souls in his blessed tomb and his Medinan and Meccan presence ¹¹, and gathers us with those upon whom You have bestowed favor—the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous—in the abode of Your generosity prepared for the people of goodness, righteousness, inner knowledge ¹², and special favor, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. * O Master of masters, I come to you seeking, * Hoping for your pleasure and seeking refuge in your protection. * You are the one who asked for intercession for us, * Called by a Lord who was not for other than you. * You have miracles that baffled all creation, * And virtues so great they cannot be matched. * The arm spoke with His name, proclaiming to you, * And the gazelle answered you when it came to you ¹³. * Likewise the wild beasts came to you and greeted you, * And the camel complained to you when it tended you. * And likewise no trace of your walking on the earth, * And the rock covered your feet. * You healed those with ailments from their diseases, * And filled all the earth with your bounty. * You restored the eye of Qatada after blindness, * And Ibn al-Husayn you healed with your healing. * Likewise Khubayb and Ibn Ja'far after they * Were wounded, you healed them with the touch of your hands. * And 'Ali from ophthalmia with your hand you treated * At Khaybar, and he was healed by the goodness of meeting you. * And you asked your Lord concerning Ibn Jabir after * He died, and He revived him, and you were pleased. * You surpassed, O Taha ¹⁴, all the prophets * In light, so glorified is He who fashioned you. * May Allah bless you, O banner of guidance, * As long as a longing one yearns for your abode. Inherent qualities, sublime states, healing words, pure actions, lofty stations, sufficient matters from the sciences of etiquette, pure gifts of wisdom from the secrets of benefits, pure and clear ways of conduct and sustenance free from the taints of ambiguities, and authentic traditions by which the people of goodness and righteousness and those of pure deeds and pleasing, accepted states follow. "O mankind, indeed I am the Messenger of Allah to you all, [from Him] to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. There is no deity except Him; He gives life and causes death. So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered prophet, who believes in Allah and His words, and follow him that you may be guided." ¹⁵ O Allah ¹⁶, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord praised and had mercy upon, the most majestic of those upon whom He bestowed the secrets of prophethood and messengership and honored, who—from the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence—all the noble qualities of all the prophets and messengers, peace be upon them, and what they were distinguished by of perfect good and pure character, honorable lineage and pure ancestry, pleasing states, sensory and spiritual perfection, and all moral and physical beauties, and the most honorable ranks and high degrees and lofty stations, all are gathered in him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, both sensory and spiritual. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose sea of generosity overflowed upon the higher and lower worlds and multiplied, the most generous of those whose mention of his prophetic beauties and chosen glories spread and became recurrent, who—from the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence—it is narrated from Ibn Mas'ud that he said: "Indeed, the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he used to limit himself to little in his food, drink, and sleep. He would not eat except a little, nor drink except a little, nor sleep except a little." And that ¹⁷ is because excessive eating and drinking, as the sages said, is evidence of greed, avarice, gluttony, and the dominance of desire, causing harm in this world and the next, bringing diseases of the body, coarseness of the soul, and fullness of the brain; while little is evidence of contentment, self-control, and suppression of desire, causing health, clarity of mind, and sharpness of intellect. Likewise, excessive sleep is evidence of laziness, weakness, lack of intelligence and acumen, causing lethargy, habitual incapacity, wasting life without benefit, hardness of the heart, its heedlessness, and its death. The witness to this is what is known necessarily, found by observation, and transmitted recurrently from the speech of previous nations and past sages, the poetry and reports of the Arabs, authentic hadith, and the traditions of those who came before and after. Therefore, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, adopted from his guidance the two arts ¹⁸ in the least amount, and commanded it and urged it, especially linking one to the other. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the blessing of the later and earlier generations, the best of those whom the praiser illuminated by mentioning his noble qualities and description, who—from the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence—it is narrated from him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace...

And he ¹⁹ forbade excessive eating, saying: "The son of Adam fills no vessel worse than his stomach. Sufficient for the son of Adam are a few morsels to keep his back straight. But if he must, then one third for his food, one third for his drink, and one third for his breath." Because excessive sleep comes from excessive eating and drinking. Sufyan al-Thawri ²⁰ said: "A little food enables one to stay awake at night." Some of the Salaf ²¹ said: "Do not eat much, lest you drink much, then sleep much, and then regret at death for the scarcity of provisions." It is narrated that the most beloved food to him was that which was shared ²². O Allah, send blessings upon him and his family, a blessing by which we may be among those who have plucked the flowers of his Muhammadan sciences and gathered, and drawn near to him through abundant blessings upon him. So bestow upon him Your pleasure and kindness, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. * Beware of hidden traps from hunger and satiety, for often hunger is worse than indigestion. * Shed tears from an eye that has filled with forbidden things, and adhere to the regimen of regret. * Oppose the self and Satan, and disobey them, even if they offer you sincere advice, suspect them. * Do not obey them as an adversary or a judge, for you know the deceit of the adversary and the judge. * I seek forgiveness from Allah for words without deeds; I have thereby attributed myself to a barren lineage. * I have commanded you good, but I did not follow it myself, and I have not been upright, so how can I say to you: "Be upright"? * I have not provided myself with supererogatory acts before death, nor have I performed more than obligatory prayers or fasts. * I have wronged the Sunnah ²³ of one who would keep the darkness alive until his feet complained of pain from swelling. * He tightened his insides from hunger and folded a delicate waist under stones. * The lofty mountains of gold tempted him, but he showed them utmost disdain. * His need confirmed his asceticism towards them, for necessity does not violate inviolable things. * How can the need of one, without whom the world would not have emerged from non-existence, call to the world? * Muhammad is the master of the two worlds ²⁴ and the two weighty ones ²⁵, and the two groups of Arabs and non-Arabs. * Our Prophet, the commander and prohibitor; no one is more righteous in saying "no" or "yes" than him. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose tongues utter praise and eulogy, and the greatest of those whose blessing and supplication benefit creation. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he would use his right hand for his food, drink, taking, and giving, and his left hand for cleansing and removing harm from his limbs. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the treasure of gifts and favor, and the best of those through whom You perfected the religion and established the foundations of the Sunnah. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when the table was placed before him, he would say: "In the name of Allah. O Allah, make it a blessing that we may thank and thereby attain the bliss of Paradise." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the essence of pride, honor, and glory, and the mine of generosity and magnanimity, vast in giving and bounty. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when he sat to eat, he would bring his knees and feet together, like a worshipper in prayer, except that one knee was over the other and one foot over the other, and he would say: "I am only a servant; I eat as a servant eats and sit as a servant sits." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the presence of nearness and closeness, and the lamp of guidance, sciences, and gnosis. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when food was presented to him, he would eat from what was in front of him, eat with three fingers, and sometimes use a fourth. He would not eat with two fingers, saying that was the eating of Satan. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those from whose inner and outer aspects blessings are sought, and the most blessed of those whose merits and excellences the virtuous recount. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he loved to begin with the right in all his affairs. When food was brought, he would eat from what was in front of him, and his fingers would not go beyond what was before him. He said: "O boy, mention the name of Allah, eat with your right hand, and eat from what is in front of you." He would mention Allah at the beginning of the meal and praise Him at the end. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, accepted in charity, connection, and gift, and the best of those whose origin, progeny, and descendants are noble. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he would eat whatever was available and drink whatever Allah gave him at the time, and he would not refuse what he found. If he found wheat bread seasoned with salt, meat, or tharid ²⁶ with clarified butter, or something sweet, honey, dates with butter, or dates with milk, he would eat it. If he found barley bread alone, dates alone, or milk without bread or dates, he sufficed with it. If he found fruit, he ate it and did not insist on it. If he found pure water, he drank it; if he found it mixed with honey or milk, he drank it; or if he found nabidh ²⁷, he drank it. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who encompassed servants with his generosity and grace, and the most honored of those who filled the earth with his justice and equity. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he did not restrict himself to one type of food, whether superior or inferior, but rather ate from what Allah gave and provided him, according to the custom of his land. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom souls love and natures befriend, and the most excellent of those by whom places are honored and regions boast. Among the beauties of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence is that the most beloved food to him was meat, and he said: "It increases hearing and the strength of food's passage in the earth. If I had asked my Lord to feed it to me every day, He would have done so." He loved from the sheep the shoulder and the forearm. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of noble lineage, kinship, and in-law relationship, and Your attribute commanding the use of kohl, siwak ²⁸, and purity.

Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence ²⁹ is that the most beloved part of the sheep to him was its front, and he loved the meat of the neck and likewise the shoulder, and he used to say: "The best meat is the meat of the back." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad ³⁰, the sultan of Your kingdom of fragrance, aroma, and scent, and the bride of Your presences adorned in the robes of glory and pride. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he ate the meat of sheep and camels, and he would take the meat out of the broth, then grasp it with his mouth and remove it from the bone or otherwise, and he ate roasted meat, dried meat, roasted liver, chicken meat, bustard, wild donkey, rabbit, and sea creatures. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the fortress of protection, safety, and security, and the locus of goodness, blessing, and prosperity. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he ate bread with oil and said: "Eat oil and anoint yourselves with it, for it comes from a blessed tree." And the most beloved food to him was tharid ³¹ made of bread, and tharid made of hais ³², and he ate tharid with clarified butter. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of noble origin and both births, and Your chosen one of pure fathers, grandfathers, and both lineages. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he liked and loved sweets and honey, and he ate khabis ³³, khaẓira ³⁴, pumpkin, and chard cooked with barley and barley flour cooked with oil, pepper, and spices, and he ate aqit ³⁵, bread, and dates. And when dates with worms were brought to him, he would inspect them and remove the weevils. And the most beloved dates to him were ajwa ³⁶. And he ate fresh ripe dates, unripe dates, grapes, kabath ³⁷, palm heart, cucumber with fresh ripe dates, watermelon with fresh ripe dates, and dates with butter. And he liked dates with milk and called them the two best things. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose star has moved and settled in the constellations of lordship, and the guide who called the creatures to You with the tongue of prophethood and messengership and guided. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he ate bread with a condiment whenever he found a condiment for it, sometimes with meat, sometimes with watermelon, sometimes with dates, and he ate barley bread with dates and said: "This is a condiment and this is fruit," and he said: "What an excellent condiment is vinegar." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose praise and glory are beloved in hearts, and whose desire for his community was fulfilled and his promise accomplished. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he ate from the fruit of his land when it was in season and did not abstain from it, and he loved among fresh fruits: grapes, fresh ripe dates, watermelon, and cucumber. And when the first fruit of the date season was brought to him, he would place it on his eyes, then on his lips, and say: "O Allah, just as You have shown us its beginning, grant us its end," then he would give it to the youngest child present. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of pure branch and kind, and Your chosen one of pure character and soul. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he did not eat garlic, onion, or leek, and he used to eat with three fingers, and in a hadith ³⁷: he would use the fourth for help, and in another hadith: he ate with five. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of beautiful form and shape, and Your chosen one without peer or likeness. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that the most beloved food to him was that which had many hands upon it ³⁸. And he would repeatedly urge his guests and offer them food many times, and he would not remove his hand before them, but rather would lag behind them in eating. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who guided to Allah with the tongue of truth and gathered, and whose dawn shone with the lights of messengership and prophethood and proclaimed. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that when he ate with a people, he would not leave until he prayed for them, and when he was invited to a meal and someone followed him, he would inform the host, saying: "This one followed us; if you wish, permit him, and if you wish, he will return." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the sea of abundant grace, generosity, and light, and the tongue of the Law, abundant in obedience to his Lord and compliance. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he did not eat hot food and forbade it, and he ordered it to be cooled, saying: "Cool your food, for hot food has no blessing." And he said: "Cool your food so that it may be blessed for you." And he said: "Beware of hot food, for it removes blessing. Stick to cold food, for it is more wholesome and greater in blessing." And regarding food that was boiling in a pot, he said: "Allah has not fed us fire." And he would leave it until its boiling subsided and it could be eaten without difficulty, and he would eat it at a moderate temperature. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole of lordship, clear in paths and ways, and the mountain of glory, saving his community from the paths of error and destruction. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he disliked eating the two kidneys because of their proximity to urine, and he loathed the spleen and the dabb lizard ³⁹, and he did not eat from the sheep seven things: the penis, the two testicles, the bladder, the gall bladder, the glands, the vulva, and the blood, and he disliked that. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the light of insight, inspiration, and opening, and the treasure of wealth, alchemy, and profit. Among the excellent qualities of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Prophetic Presence is that he had a glass cup from which he drank, and he used to drink milk mixed with water on an empty stomach, and then have lunch after that with barley bread and salt.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, the source of grace, generosity, and beneficence, the lamp of sciences, gifts, and gnosis ⁴⁰, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence ⁴¹ is that when something was brought to him, he gave it to all the members of the household, disliking to differentiate between them, and when a people brought their alms ⁴² to him, he said: 'O Allah, bless the family of so-and-so.' (15) O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those in whom You strengthened our faith and love, and the most fortunate of those through whose blessing You removed our worry and distress, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when his dining cloth was lifted, he said: 'Praise be to Allah, abundant, good, and blessed praise; praise be to Allah who has sufficed us and given us shelter, not being insufficient, nor ungratefully treated, nor bid farewell, nor independent of Him, our Lord.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, pure, fragrant of breath, and Your chosen one who removes by his blessing from hearts the darkness of doubt and confusion, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he accepted gifts, even if it was a sip of milk or a haunch of rabbit, and he commanded gifts as a bond between people. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the adornment of the elect and the honored angels, and the ornament of the pious and sincere saints ⁴³, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he would send to the latrines ⁴⁴ and water would be brought from them, and he would drink it, hoping for the blessing of the hands of the Muslims. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who fear and dread their Lord, and the most humble of those who supplicate to Him in the darkness of night and desire, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when he wanted to eat or drink while in a state of major ritual impurity ⁴⁵, he washed his hands and then ate and drank. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You purified in meaning and sense, and the purest of those whom You cleansed in kind and species, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he ate tharid ⁴⁶ with meat and gourd, and he loved gourd and said: 'It is the tree of my brother Jonah, peace be upon him,' and he said: 'O Aisha, when you cook a pot, put plenty of gourd in it, for it gladdens the heart of the sad.' He also ate bird meat, and when meat was scarce, he did not lower his head but raised it to him, then nibbled it. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad (17) and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You made a refuge and a strong fortress for the fearful, and the most honored of those to whom You gave a high rank and lofty station in the highest paradises ⁴⁷, from the station of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he ate cucumber with fresh dates and with salt, and he ate watermelon with bread and sugar, and sometimes with fresh dates, and he used both hands. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the opening of litanies ⁴⁸ and remembrance, and the field of thought and reflection, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he was brought a palm heart ⁴⁹ and ate from it, and he loved among vegetables: chicory, basil, and purslane ⁵⁰, and among dates he liked 'ajwa ⁵¹ and prayed for blessing in 'ajwa and said: 'It is from Paradise and a cure for poison and magic.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the adornment of the tribe, clan, and group, and the best of those whom You appointed in the circle of Your kingdom and placed in his hand the power to bind and loose ⁵², from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette (18) with the Divine Presence is that he liked dates, butter, and bread, and raisins were soaked for him at night, and he drank them from the next day until the evening of the third, then he ordered it to be poured out. He never ate reclining, never ate on a table ⁵³, nor from a small dish, nor did he have bread with gravy, nor did he ever see a skinned sheep. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of spiritual openings ⁵⁴ and magnificent gifts, the fountain of essential qualities and pure abundant blessings, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he said: 'When food is placed, take off your sandals, for it is more restful for your feet,' and he said: 'Take off your sandals at mealtime, for it is a beautiful sunna ⁵⁵.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of the two worlds ⁵⁶ and the two weighty ones ⁵⁷, and the grandfather of al-Hasan and al-Husayn, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he said: 'When one of you buys meat, let him increase its broth, for if one of you does not get meat, he gets broth, and it is a command for the two opponents ⁵⁸.' (19) O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the mercy for the far and near, and the master of angels, humans, and jinn, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he said: 'When you cook meat, increase the broth, for it is more ample and reaches the neighbors more.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the imam of those who devote themselves to prayer and fasting, and the best of those who abandoned beds in Your obedience and left sleep, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he said: 'When food is placed, take from its sides and leave its middle, for blessing descends in its middle, and when food is present, let the leader of the people, or the host, or the best of the people begin.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who informed of the news of the unseen and verified it, and the most excellent of those who called creation to Allah and made them yearn, from the beauties of whose prophetic conduct and perfection of etiquette with the Divine Presence is that...

Among the excellences of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette with the Divine Presence ⁵⁹ is that he used to say: 'The blessing of food is the ablution before it and the ablution after it, and when one of you eats food, let him not wipe his hand with a handkerchief until he licks it or has it licked.' ⁶⁰ O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the strength of spirit and body, the possessor of the beautiful face and good deed, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he used to say: 'When one of you eats food, let him say: O Allah, bless us in it and give us better than it; and when he drinks milk, let him say: O Allah, bless us in it and increase us from it, for nothing substitutes for food and drink except milk.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who followed the path of goodness and traversed it, the most blessed of those whose conduct was praised in stillness and motion, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he used to lick the plate and say: 'The last part of the food is the most blessed,' and he would lick his fingers one by one and say: 'Indeed, one does not know in which finger the blessing lies.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those from whom the flow of gifts and secrets overflowed, the most beneficial of those from whom sciences and knowledges were sought, ⁶¹ from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he used to eat unsifted barley bread. Salma said about him when she ground barley, put it in a pot, poured oil over it, and crushed pepper and spices: 'This was among the things that pleased the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he ate it well. When he finished eating, he would say: O Allah, to You be praise; You fed, gave drink, satisfied, and quenched; so to You be praise, not denied, nor abandoned, nor independent of You.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the noblest of people in tribe and clan, the best of those whom You made love for Him obligatory and conditional upon the servants, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he used to take a bunch of grapes with his left hand and eat, and sometimes he would eat until his saliva flowed onto his beard like pearls, and sometimes he would eat them by sucking. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who encompassed the servants with his gift and goodness, the most beneficial of those whom the leaders followed in his conduct and way, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he never criticized food; if he liked it, he ate it; if he disliked it, he left it; and if he loathed it, he did not make others hate it. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the imam of the Divine Presence ⁶² and the locus of the Merciful Gaze, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he liked vinegar among condiments, green among colors, cold sweet among sweets, and fragrant flowers among flowers. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You crowned with the crown of dignity and tranquility, the most generous of those whose palm and right hand You overflowed with generosity, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that the drink most beloved to him was cold sweet water. He would seek sweet water, so they would bring it to him from the well of Malik ibn al-Nadr, the father of Anas ibn Malik, and from the well of Quba' called Bi'r Ghars, and from the well of Abu al-Haytham ibn al-Tayyihan called Bi'r Jasim, and from the wells of al-Suqya, which is a well in the outskirts of Medina. ⁶³ O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your blessed beloved of dwellings and places, Your pure chosen one of springs and sources, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he used to drink honey mixed with cold water, and he drank nabidh ⁶⁴. It would be steeped for him at the beginning of the night, and he would drink it when he woke up that day, the following night, and the next day until the afternoon. If any remained, he would give it to the servant to drink or order it to be poured out. He would drink milk sometimes pure and sometimes mixed with cold water. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose thoughts are lost in the splendor of his beauty and comeliness, the most weighty of those under whose fortress and security the fearful seek shade, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that he used to say: 'Nothing substitutes for food and drink except milk.' He would drink in three breaths, and sometimes in two or three, and say: 'It is more quenching, more wholesome, or more healing.' He would drink sitting, and sometimes standing. He would mention Allah at the first breath when he brought the vessel to his mouth, and praise Allah at the end of it ⁶⁵ each time. He would sip water slowly and not gulp it, and he would give the vessel to the one on his right to honor him over the one on his left, unless the latter gave permission. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of abundant blessings and grace, Your chosen one successful in stillness and motion, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when the food was removed from before him, he would say: 'Praise be to Allah who fed us, gave us drink, sheltered us, and made us Muslims.' The drink most beloved to him was honey. Abu Balban said: 'Blessing.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who made the servants humble before Allah and gathered them, the most fortunate of those who guided them to the path of goodness and benefited them, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when food was brought to him, he would eat from what was in front of him. When dates were brought, his hand would move around them. When food was brought, he would ask about it; if it was said to be charity, he would tell his companions: 'Eat,' and he would not eat; if it was said to be a gift, he would put his hand in and eat with them. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You chose and selected, the closest of those whom You drew near to You and sheltered, from whose prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence is that when food was presented to him, he would say: 'In the name of Allah.' When he finished, he would say: 'O Allah, to You be praise; You fed us, gave us drink, and guided us.'

In the name of Allah ⁶⁶. When he finished, he said: "O Allah, You have fed and given drink, and quenched and enriched, and guided and chosen. O Allah, to You be praise for what You have given." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You have perfumed with fragrance and aroma, and have mercy on him through whom You have made relief for every worry and grief for Your servants, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence ⁶⁷ included that when he ate or drank, he said: "Praise be to Allah who fed and gave drink, made it easy to swallow, and provided a way out." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, possessor of the radiant face and beautiful appearance, the best of those who clarified obligations and traditions ⁶⁸, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect etiquette with the Divine Presence included that when he drank water, he said: "Praise be to Allah who gave us fresh water by His mercy and did not make it salty and bitter due to our sins." And when he drank, he would breathe into the vessel three times ⁶⁹ and give thanks at the end of them. He would begin with drink if he was fasting, and he loved to break his fast with milk. So bless him, O Allah, and his family, a blessing that removes from us the accidents of worry and grief, and repels from us the calamities of time and sudden trials, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. And the completion of Your creation, O Chosen One ⁷⁰, by him the spirit of a lover is attached. And the light of Your beauty in a gathering almost flows forth with purity. And the perfection of Your beauty recites to us with Your face, and the eye may well up. So Allah has not created any perfect one like you, no, nor will He create. And Allah has not sent any messenger who equals you in gentleness when you are kind. And Allah has not perfected any predecessor who vies with you in journeying when you race. And Allah has not adorned anyone with it whose beauty rivals yours. And Allah has not been feared by any fearful one who approaches you in fear when you are compassionate. And Allah has not been known by any knower like you, who is absorbed in Allah. And no visitor has visited the Owner of the Throne ⁷¹ except you, and what is below Him is closed. And none other than you has come from His holiness, inhaling the fragrance of holiness. And none other than you has reached a station at which an angel burns. And none other than you has disappeared in His veils and His canopy fluttering on high. And no master has ruled among people like Taha ⁷², whose lineage is deep. Upon him and his family and companions be peace, like a fragrant rose. O Allah ⁷³, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who were sincere to their Lord and repented, the closest of those who spoke with Him face to face and addressed Him on the carpet of nearness and proximity, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect fulfillment of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship included that he would limit his clothing to what necessity demanded and renounce what was beyond that. He would be moderate in his dress and wear whatever he found and was available without disdain, and he liked the lowly of garments. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who led his community on a clear path and a right way, and the most beloved of those whose closeness to You was a means of nearness, and You were his tongue, hearing, sight, and hand, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect fulfillment of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship included that when he was in the abode of servitude, he would wear what suited that, meaning simplicity and devotion, and he would not imitate the people of honor and luxury whose state does not suit the state of the people of servitude. In that, he was in the most beautiful form in a state of asceticism and devotion, and he did not imitate the people of honor, despite the cleanliness of his garments. The jurists have said: "Whoever says that the garment of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was worn out, thereby disparaging him, is killed with impunity, and they affirmed that no garment ever became too tight for him, because nothing but good ever came from him." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of clear paths and ways, and Your chosen one who protects whoever seeks refuge with him from the abysses of ruin, perils, and destruction, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect fulfillment of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship included that he loved cleanliness and would say: "Part of the honor of a believer with Allah Almighty is the cleanliness of his garment and his contentment with little." And perhaps a man had dirty clothes, so he said: "This man could not find anything to wash his clothes with." And he would wear whatever he found of a waist-wrapper, a cloak, a shirt, or other than that. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose love and sincerity for You were strong, and the most excellent of those whose servitude and bondage were purified from the impurities of will, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect fulfillment of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship included that he would wear in most of his states the cloak and the coarse garment, the robes and waist-wrappers, and he would distribute to those present the silk cloaks embroidered with gold and raise for those who attend their right. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of truthful speech and promise, and Your faithful one of covenant and pledge, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect fulfillment of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship included that he would wear the striped cloak of black hair and the woolen garment, and he wore wool, so he wore a black woolen cloak that Aisha made for him, and he had a felt cloak that he would wear and say: "I am only a servant; I wear as a servant wears." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of abundant praise and thanks, and Your faithful one of truthful speech and report, he whose noble prophetic conduct and perfect fulfillment of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship included that the most beloved of garments to him were the shirt and the striped Yemeni garments ⁷⁴, which are cotton garments from Yemeni weaving with green or red stripes. He, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wore the red ones and the green ones, and he wore from them

A red garment consisting of a waist-wrapper and a cloak. He would sometimes wear two Yemeni or Sahuli ⁷⁵ garments made of coarse cloth. The color most beloved to him was green, and he liked green clothes. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, whose path and way are clear, and Your chosen one, called the possessor of the staff, the banner, and the crown. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that most of his clothing was white, and he used to say: "Wear your clothes and shroud your dead in them." He, peace and blessings be upon him, wore a Roman cloak with tight sleeves and a Kisrawani ⁷⁶ taylasan ⁷⁷ cloak with a lining. He would buy and hope for them to be cheap due to the winds. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the light of insight of the intelligent verifiers, the model of the solitary ones who are certain, and the elite of the believers. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that he had a green silk brocade ⁷⁸ cloak, which he would wear, and its greenness would enhance the whiteness of his complexion. One day he wore a silk farruj ⁷⁹, then prayed in it, then left and removed it, as if disliking it, and said: "This is not befitting for the God-fearing." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of pure lineage and stock, and Your chosen one, blessed in tomb and shrine. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that he had a wrap dyed with saffron, and he would sometimes lead the people in prayer wearing only that. Sometimes he would wear a cloak alone with nothing else, and sometimes he would wear only a waist-wrapper, tying its ends between his shoulders. He would sometimes command people to do so at funerals, and sometimes he would pray in his house wearing a single waist-wrapper, wrapping himself with it and crossing its ends. He would sometimes pray at night wearing a waist-wrapper. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom the rememberer magnifies and glorifies, and the closest of those whom his Lord guided to good and set aright. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that he had a black cloak which he would wear, and nothing was more beautiful than its blackness against the whiteness of his complexion. He then gave it away. He would sometimes pray the noon prayer in a shawl ⁸⁰, tying its ends together. Abu Burda ibn Abi Musa al-Ash'ari reported: 'Aisha brought out to us a cloak and a coarse waist-wrapper made in Yemen, and a cloak of the type they call mulabbada ⁸¹.' O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those to whom hearts and limbs yearn, and the most blessed of those whom visitors seek and the loads of hope are set down before him. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, brought out a shirt to his companions and said to them: "In this your Prophet was taken." They found it felted and patched, with a patch on his chest and a patch on his sleeve. His shirt was made of cotton, with short sleeves and length. His sleeves did not extend long and he did not let them drag; rather, the sleeve of his shirt reached to the wrist. It is narrated that it was level with the tips of his fingers. The hem of his shirt and his cloak reached to the middle of his shins and did not exceed his ankles. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, possessor of high status, magnificent paradise, great worth, and exalted station. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that his shirt was buttoned, and he would sometimes unbutton the buttons during prayer and otherwise. He would wear a white, close-fitting cap ⁸², and he would wear caps under turbans and without turbans, and turbans without caps, and Yemeni caps, which are white and striped. He would wear caps with ear-flaps in war, and sometimes he would remove his cap and place it as a screen in front of him while praying, peace and blessings be upon him. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, fragrant in sleeves and collars, and Your chosen one, whose soul is concerned for his community in the greatest hardships and distresses. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is that he would wind the folds of his turban around his head, tuck its end under his chin, fasten it behind, and let a tail hang down between his shoulders. Sometimes, when there was no turban, he would tie a headband around his head and forehead. Often he would wear black Harfani ⁸³ turbans on his journeys and wrap them in the manner of warriors.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord drew to His presence and nearness, and the sweetest of those whose mention He made fragrant on the tongues of praisers and made beloved. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, his turban was neither large, whose carrying would harm and weaken the body and expose it to ailments, nor short, which would fall short of protecting the head from heat and cold, but rather moderate between that, like seven cubits or thereabouts, from which the tahannuk ⁸⁴ and the 'adhaba ⁸⁵ would emerge. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose conduct the possessors of virtues follow and emulate, and the greatest of those by whom You repel from creation what they fear and are concerned about. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, the manner of his wrapping the turban, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, according to what some imams mentioned, is that he would tighten the 'adhaba, tuck it under the chin, and make the first two wraps circles, and the third on the top middle of the head, and the fourth he would wrap around the head and tighten all with it. In this manner the imams would wear turbans. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of pure praise and remembrance, and Your chosen one of great reward and recompense. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, he would cover his head with his rida' ⁸⁶, and the length of his rida' was six cubits by three cubits, and the length of his izār ⁸⁷—which was from the weave of Oman—was four cubits and two spans by two cubits and a span. He would wear them on Friday and the two Eids, then they would become worn out. The length of his mīzar ⁸⁸, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was four and a half cubits, and its price was three dirhams to four or five. According to 'Urwa, the length of his rida', may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was four cubits and its width two cubits and a span, and his garment, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which he would wear when going out to delegations, was a green rida' of length four cubits and width two cubits and a span. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose virtues ears are eager to hear, and the most beloved of those towards whose honored places and stations souls incline. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, when a delegation came to him, he would wear his best clothes and command his eminent companions to do likewise. When he wore a new garment, he would name it by its name—turban, shirt, rida', or otherwise—then say: "O Allah, to You be praise; You have clothed me with it [or: as You have dressed me with it]. I ask You for its goodness and the goodness for which it was made, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil for which it was made." He would wear it on Friday and clothe people with tranquility. When he wore a shirt or otherwise, he would begin with his right side. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of noble qualities and traits, and Your chosen one of generous clan, companions, and family. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, it is narrated from 'Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, that she said: He never kept lunch for dinner nor dinner for lunch, nor did he take two of anything—neither two shirts, nor two rida's, nor two izārs, nor two pairs of sandals. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who demolished and shattered the mouth of polytheism, and the greatest of those who crushed and broke the head of error and misguidance. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, he would sometimes wear a qabā' ⁸⁹, sometimes a red rida', sometimes two green rida's, sometimes a shamla ⁹⁰, sometimes a Yemeni burd hibara ⁹¹, and sometimes a woolen jubba ⁹². The pommel of his sword was of silver. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the model of the great and virtuous, and the best of those who brought guidance and whom You sent with the truth as a messenger. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, he would pray in the marts ⁹³ of his wives and wear the izār up to mid-calf. He would sometimes wear a Najrani garment with a thick hem, and he wrapped himself in a Qatari garment and prayed. Sometimes he would wear a majwal ⁹⁴ in his house. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of the most excellent and the eminent nobles, the source of wisdom and religious sciences and the secrets of the Quran. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, he had a garment specifically for Friday. When he wore a turban, he would let its tail hang between his shoulders. One day he gave a sermon wearing a black turban. He bound his head once with a red rag and once with the hem of a burd. During his final illness, he had a yellow turban on his head. He would dye his clothes with yellow and disliked khaluq ⁹⁵ for men and disliked the color red. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose love the beloved ones agreed upon, and the most majestic of those whose praise reports have been successively narrated and the Book spoke of. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, he had a turban called as-Sahab ⁹⁶, which he gave to 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. Sometimes 'Ali would appear in it, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would say: "The traces of 'Ali are in as-Sahab." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the spring of gnoses, secrets, and wisdom, and the lamp of unveilings, lofty in station and aspiration. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, he would wear a mintaqa ⁹⁷ of leather with three silver rings, and he would count the tasbih ⁹⁸ with his right hand. He wore a ring, and sometimes he would go out with a thread tied to his ring to remind him of something. He would seal letters with it and say: "Sealing the letter is better than suspicion." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You chose as a prophet and messenger, and the most honored of those whom You took as a close friend and chosen one. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, when he wore a new garment, he would give his old clothes to a poor person, then say: "No Muslim clothes another Muslim with his clothes, not forgetting him except for Allah's sake, but he will be under Allah's protection, safeguard, and goodness as long as he remains alive and the other remains alive." So bless him, O Allah, and his family, a blessing by which You grant us good character and a sharp mind, and provide us with beneficial knowledge and accepted, pleasing deeds, by Your bounty and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds.

Noble of soul, holy of nature, great of character, his trait is generosity. He is tender to the breeze when it passes, if the morning comes with the breeze. He loves the Chosen One ⁹⁹, the beloved of Taha ¹⁰⁰, and the beloved of the Beloved ¹⁰¹ has forgiveness. The lover of the Chosen One fears no injustice, and the Gardens of Bliss ¹⁰² are his repose. Upon him and his family be the purest peace, and his companions whose virtues shine. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad (40 times), the best of those to whom hearts yearn, the most generous noble whom the wise seek and covet what he possesses, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, had a seal of iron with a bezel ¹⁰³ twisted upon it. Mu'ayqib al-Dawsi said: 'Perhaps it was in my hand, and I was entrusted with it.' O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who lowered his gaze from forbidden things and restrained it, the most majestic who demolished the mouth of disbelief with his sword and dispersed it, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, had a seal of silver ¹⁰⁴ with an Abyssinian bezel ¹⁰⁵, and he would place the bezel toward his palm, as narrated from Anas. It is also narrated that he had a seal of silver whose bezel was of the same material; thus he had two seals, one with a carnelian ¹⁰⁶ bezel and the other with a silver bezel. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those through whose blessing earnings and sustenance increase, the most merciful whose intercession has mercy on the living and the dead, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, took a seal of (41) silver with an Abyssinian bezel and inscribed on it 'Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.' Regarding the multiplicity of seals, it is possible that both were with him at the same time, or at different times. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the support of the ecstatic ¹⁰⁷ and the wayfarer ¹⁰⁸, the best of those who clarified the paths and ways for his community, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, had a seal whose engraving was three lines: 'Muhammad' a line, 'Messenger' a line, and 'Allah' a line. He would wear it on the little finger of his left hand, and it is said on the right. A reconciliation is that he sometimes wore it on his right and sometimes on his left, or that the one worn on the right was the gold seal, as stated in the hadith of Ibn 'Umar, and the one worn on the left was the silver seal. It is also said he wore it on the right then changed it to the left. There is disagreement whether he wore it constantly or only when needed. This is the image of that seal on the other side. (42) O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose beauty and comeliness dazzle the eyes, the most beautiful whose intelligence and abundant intellect bewilder minds, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship, mostly wore the izār ¹⁰⁹, and that he bought a sirwāl ¹¹⁰ as narrated from Imam Ahmad, but there is no explicit report of his wearing it except in a weak hadith. The Companions used to wear it during his time, peace be upon him, with his permission. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose hadiths fill the gatherings when remembered, the most pleasant whose praises are recited sweetly on the tongues of those who remember, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance (43) of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship, had two plain black khuffs ¹¹¹ gifted to him by the Negus ¹¹², which he wore and then performed ablution. Dihya al-Kalbi ¹¹³ also gifted him two khuffs and a jubbah ¹¹⁴, which he wore until they wore out, not knowing whether they were tanned or not. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, pure in both origins, noble in parents, the pole ¹¹⁵ of the circle of existence, the spring of life in both abodes, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship, wore sabtiyya sandals ¹¹⁶, i.e., tanned ones with the hair removed. His sandals were makhsūfatayn ¹¹⁷, i.e., double-layered with stitching, and it is said they were black, or yellow. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those You took as a beloved chosen one, the most noble of those You granted righteous deeds and pure actions, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, had two qibāl ¹¹⁸ on his sandal: the dual of qibāl, which is the strap of the sandal. He would insert one strap between the big toe and the next, and the other between the middle finger and the next, which is the ring finger, and join them to the part that appears on the top of the foot, which is the shirāk ¹¹⁹, and his shirāk was double-folded. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your pure beloved in deeds and lawful things, Your chosen one beautiful in creation and action, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, had a sandal that was mukhaṣṣara ¹²⁰, mulassana ¹²¹, and mu'aqqaba ¹²². Mukhaṣṣara means it had a waist (khaṣr), mulassana means it had a tongue (lisān), and mu'aqqaba means it had a heel ('aqib). It is said it had no protruding heel of its own, but had a heel made of straps to hold the foot, as is done with many sandals. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose praise and commendation You have set on tongues, the most honored whose glory and loftiness You have raised in the sanctuaries of holiness, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and his perfect observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of Lordship, once put on two new sandals and admired their beauty, so he prostrated to Allah and said: 'Their beauty pleased me, so I humbled myself before my Lord, Mighty and Majestic, fearing that He might detest me.' Then he went out with them and raised them to the first step of a ladder. He preferred 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, so he had two sabtiyya sandals made for him, which he wore as a pair. (45) And the shirāk of his Arab sandal had worn out, so he replaced it with a new strap and prayed in it. When he finished the prayer, he said: 'Lend the worn-out shirāk and remove this new one, for I looked at it during the prayer.' So send blessings, O Allah, upon him and his family, a blessing that guides us by his guidance, pours upon us the sea of his generosity and munificence, and makes us among those who attain in both abodes the fullest share of his abundant gift and bounty, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds.

The Messenger of Allah, possessor of high qualities, walked as is established with sandals. The sandal is what protects the foot from the ground, and the sandal of the best of creation was made of leather, from cowhide. Its being made of tanned leather ¹²³ is, according to the authentic [hadith], its paths are narrated. And it is established in this regard from the answer of Ibn 'Umar ¹²⁴—Ibn Jurayj ¹²⁵—what shines like the moon. It had two straps ¹²⁶, as Anas narrated, with the outer side free from every impurity. It was reported by a group, like al-Tirmidhi ¹²⁷, through strong chains of transmission. It is said that some scholars explicitly stated that it was yellow, so memorize what he aimed at. And it came in a described narration: his prayer in his patched sandal ¹²⁸. And the best of creation, when putting on his sandals, would put the right before the left. And removal is the opposite, and the narrator of the command is Abu Hurayra ibn Sakhr ¹²⁹. And two fingers, their length with a span, according to al-'Iraqi ¹³⁰, the knowledgeable imam. And the width of the sole of the foot, as transmitted, is five [fingers] and above that six, not less. And its width near the ankles is seven fingers, without falsehood. And the width between the two straps is precisely defined as two fingers, so be content. And this is the description of the two sandals according to the Sacred Law, with its alteration. (46) O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of kings and kingdoms, the best of the sons of Lu'ayy, Fihr, and Malik ¹³¹, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, would limit his dwelling to the necessary amount that shelters and protects from heat and cold, and leave aside what is beyond that. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the owner of the prayer niche and the pulpit, and the one who extended the dominion of the kings of Chosroes and Caesar ¹³², who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, had dwellings some of which were of mud-brick and some of stones piled one upon another, and some of palm branches plastered with clay, with hair-cloth curtains at their doors for covering, the length of the curtain being three cubits by a cubit and the bone of the forearm, and all were roofed with palm branches. And his rooms were made of woolen cloth from barley ¹³³ tied to juniper wood. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the imam of every follower and leader, the path of every caller to Allah and guided one, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the perfection of lordship, had the width of 'A'isha's house from the room to the door of the house about six or seven cubits, and its height between eight and seven and the like. And al-Hasan al-Basri ¹³⁴ said: I used to enter the houses of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when I was approaching puberty, and I could reach the ceiling with my hand. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the opening of my litanies and daily recitation, and the source of my sweet and renowned drink, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, would limit his bedding to what necessity required, and leave aside what is beyond that, as narrated from 'A'isha, may Allah be pleased with her, that he had a bed woven with palm leaves, on which was a black cloak stuffed with palm leaves. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who attained closeness to his Lord, and the most exalted of those honored by His love and party, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, had 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, enter upon him one day and found him on a mat that had left marks on his side, as in the authentic [hadith]. And 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud ¹³⁵ entered upon him and found him in a room like a bathhouse from the intensity of heat and distress, sleeping on a mat that had left marks on his side. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of every pious and chaste one, and the imam of every illuminated carpet and lofty station, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, had 'A'isha, may Allah be pleased with her, say: His bedding on which he slept was only leather, stuffed with palm fiber. In another narration: its length was two cubits or so, and its width a cubit and a span or so, and a leather pillow. And he had a cloak that was spread for him wherever he moved, folded double under him, and there was a velvet cloth and a pillow stuffed with palm fiber. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, abundant in giving and attainment, Your chosen one, protected from deviation from the path of truth and inclination, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, includes what is narrated from Hafsa ¹³⁶ that she was asked: What was the bedding of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace? She said: A piece of coarse cloth which we folded double and he slept on it. One night I folded it into four layers to make it softer. In the morning he said: 'What did you spread for me?' We said: It is your bedding, we folded it into four. He said: 'Return it to its original state, for it prevented me from my night prayer.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who spread his wing and skirt over the needy, and the most generous of those who poured the sea of his generosity and flood over the poor, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, had 'A'isha, may Allah be pleased with her, spread for him one night a new bedding, whereas before that he used to sleep on a folded cloak. He kept tossing and turning that night until morning, then said: 'Return this old cloak and remove this bedding from me; it kept me awake tonight.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord spoke to in the station of nearness and confided in, and the most generous of those through whom He repelled from creation the terrible calamities and harmful matters, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, had a wrap dyed with wars ¹³⁷ and saffron, which he would rotate among his wives. When it was the night of one of them, she would sprinkle it with water to cool it, because the land of Hijaz is hot. (50) O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose blessings and lineage honor destinies, and the most generous of those whose character and nobility make clans proud, who, from the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship, had his bedding similar to what is placed for a person in his grave, and the mosque was at his head. He said to his wives:

"Gabriel never came to me under the blanket of any woman among you except 'A'ishah ¹³⁸." This includes the quilt and other coverings used for wrapping. May Allah bless him and his family with a blessing that heals the heart from its ailments and pains, and relieves the body from its fatigue and exhaustion, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. He is the Chosen One, sent as a mercy to mankind; the one whom the Quran formed, exalted in greatness. Blessed is He who praised Himself, and who is that in the revelation in "Nun and the pen" ¹³⁹. He is the treasure containing knowledge, the secret, purity, the light of guidance, forbearance, judgment, and wisdom. Kind, merciful to orphans, supporter of widows, not turning away from neighbor or servant. He comforts every poor, destitute, and humble person, and gives them refuge, whether in times of peace or in the sacred precincts. He loves those who befriend him in food and clothing, and chose only modesty and sustenance by morsels. Upon him be Allah's blessings and peace, and upon his family and companions, possessors of virtue and resolve. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad ⁵¹, the best of those through whom You have shown mercy to Your servants and lands, the most beloved of those who obeyed Your commands and fulfilled Your will; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that when he lay down to sleep, he would sleep at the beginning of the night and wake up at the beginning of the second half, then pray, then return to his bed until he heard the caller to prayer. When he lay down, he would place his palm under his right cheek, facing the qibla ¹⁴⁰, and say: "My Lord, protect me from Your punishment on the day You resurrect Your servants." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those through whose mission days and eras rejoiced, and whose mention perfumed the gatherings of the great and the eminent; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that when he lay down, he would say: "O Allah, in Your name I die and live." He would cup his hands, blow into them, recite the two protectors ¹⁴¹, then wipe with them as much of his body as he could, starting with his head, face, and the front of his body, doing this three times. He would remember Allah until his eyes overcame him, and when he woke up, he would say: "Praise be to Allah who gave us life after He caused us to die, and to Him is the resurrection." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad ⁵², the best of those whose spirituality encompassed the whole and the part, the greatest of those whose blessing is hoped for on the day of questioning and presentation; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that his eye would sleep but his heart would not sleep. This was due to the great vitality of his heart, for when the heart's life is strong, it does not sleep when the body sleeps. The perfection of this state was unique to him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When he slept, he would snore, and he would sometimes sleep on a bed, sometimes on a mat, and sometimes on the ground. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the model for every worshiper and ascetic, the support of every attracted ¹⁴² and wayfarer ¹⁴³; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that he would sleep with whichever of his wives spent the night with him in one bed, unclothed, and sometimes he would visit all his wives in the same hour. He said: "Three things from your world have been made beloved to me: women, perfume, and the coolness of my eyes has been placed in prayer." He did not engage in any human state except to establish a foundation for his community and to legislate for them, not because he needed any of that. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad ⁵³, the best of those from whom You gave the drink of flowing love to those who come to drink, and the most beneficial of those to whom creatures turn for help in hardships, and he was for them the best helper and supporter; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that he was human in appearance but angelic in inner nature. Therefore, Shaykh Abu al-Hasan ¹⁴⁴, may Allah be pleased with him, said in his description: "He is a human, but not like other humans, just as the ruby is a stone but not like other stones." 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I did not eat, drink, or marry except when Allah sent blessings upon you and upon your family and all your companions." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your pure, radiant, and noble beloved, and Your chosen one who averts from those who seek refuge in him the adversities of evils and calamities; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that he had a bed whose legs were made of teakwood adorned with palm fibers. Some said: His bed was wooden planks tied with palm fibers, sent to him by As'ad ibn Zurara in the house of Abu Ayyub. He gave it to 'A'ishah and placed it in her house. Then when he died, he was placed upon it, and after him ⁵⁴ Abu Bakr raised it, then 'Umar, then the people asked 'A'ishah for it, and they began to carry their dead on it seeking blessing. Then its planks were bought from 'A'ishah's estate for four thousand dirhams. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who turned to You with heart and body, the most exalted of those brought near whom You chose and granted every good that is with You; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that no time passed for him without doing something for Allah Almighty or something necessary for his own or his family's well-being. He would say: "If you knew what I know, you would laugh little and weep much." He frequently remembered Allah Almighty, and would not stand or sit except with remembrance, and he remembered Allah in all his states. He frequently sought forgiveness and would ask Allah for forgiveness a hundred times a day, and they would count for him in a single sitting a hundred acts of seeking forgiveness. When he rose from his sitting, he would say: "Glory be to You, O Allah, and with Your praise; I bear witness that there is no god but You; I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who praised and thanked, the strongest of those who shot an arrow in the path of ⁵⁵ Allah, struggled, and persevered; he whose prophetic conduct was excellent and whose perfect observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of Lordship was such that he would sleep the first part of the night and wake up the latter part, then pray, then return to his bed. When the caller to prayer gave the call, he would get up.

He would get up. If he needed to, he would perform a full bath ¹⁴⁵; otherwise, he would perform ablution ¹⁴⁶ and go out. It is narrated from 'A'isha that he would get up when he heard the caller—that is, the rooster, which usually crows at midnight. It is also said that this occurs at the sixth part of the night or less, and it is said that he would get up at dawn ¹⁴⁷. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the light of insight for the people of witnessing ¹⁴⁸ and opening ¹⁴⁹, and the locus of pardon, forgiveness, and clemency. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude ¹⁵⁰ and lordship ¹⁵¹ is what is narrated from Umm Salama: that he would pray, then sleep for the duration of his prayer, then pray for the duration of his sleep, then sleep for the duration of his prayer, until dawn. In another narration: he would pray after the night prayer ¹⁵² as much as Allah willed of the night, then sleep for the duration of his prayer, then pray for the duration of his sleep—and this prayer of his would continue until dawn. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose full moon has risen in the horizon of felicity and manifested ¹⁵³, and the most honored of those whom the beloved lover has praised for his noble traits and adorned himself. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship is what is narrated from 'A'isha: she said, "We would prepare for him his tooth-stick ¹⁵⁴ and his purification water, and Allah would awaken him whenever He willed to awaken him. He would then use the tooth-stick, perform ablution, and pray." Ibn 'Abbas said: that he spent the night at his aunt Maymuna's, and he mentioned that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) talked with his family for a while, then slept. When it was the last third of the night or part of it, he sat up looking at the sky and recited: "Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and the day are signs for those of understanding" ¹⁵⁵ until he completed the chapter ¹⁵⁶. Then he used the tooth-stick, performed ablution, and prayed. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the pole ¹⁵⁷ of sovereignty, pure in origin and in both births ¹⁵⁸, the mountain of glory, lofty in rank and in both lineages ¹⁵⁹. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship is that he prayed thirteen cycles ¹⁶⁰ at night. In another narration: he prayed two light cycles, reciting in each the Mother of the Qur'an ¹⁶¹, then he said the greeting ¹⁶². Then he prayed eleven cycles including the odd prayer ¹⁶³, then he slept. Then Bilal came to him and said, "The prayer, O Messenger of Allah!" ¹⁶⁴ So he got up and prayed two cycles, then led the people in prayer. In another narration: he got up and prayed thirteen cycles, including the two cycles of dawn ¹⁶⁵. In yet another: that he prayed eight cycles, then performed the odd prayer with five cycles without sitting in them. In another: that when he prayed eight cycles, he would sleep, then perform ablution and use the tooth-stick between every two cycles, and he performed the odd prayer with three cycles. In another: that when he prayed six cycles, he would sleep, then perform ablution and perform the odd prayer, reciting the verses at the end of the Chapter of the Family of 'Imran ¹⁶⁶ between every two cycles, and he would lengthen the standing, bowing, and prostration in them. Then he would perform the odd prayer with three cycles, reciting in the first "Glorify" ¹⁶⁷, in the second "The Disbelievers" ¹⁶⁸, and in the third "Sincerity" ¹⁶⁹ along with the two chapters of refuge ¹⁷⁰. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the fountain of sweet and delicious refreshment, and the possessor of the dazzling secret and the most luminous light. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship is that when he took to his bed at night, he would say: "In the name of Allah, I lay down my side. O Allah, forgive me my sins, drive away my devil, free my pledge ¹⁷¹, make heavy my scale ¹⁷², and place me among the highest assembly ¹⁷³." O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose mention You have raised in the highest assembly, and the most beloved of those whose heart You have illuminated with the lights of Your love and purified secretly and openly. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship is that when he rose at night to perform the night vigil prayer ¹⁷⁴, he would say: "O Allah, to You be praise. You are the Sustainer ¹⁷⁵ of the heavens and the earth and all that is in them. To You be praise. You are the King of the heavens and the earth and all that is in them. To You be praise. You are the Light of the heavens and the earth and all that is in them. To You be praise. You are the Truth, Your promise is true, meeting You is true, Your word is true, Paradise is true, Hellfire is true, the prophets are true, Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is true, and the Hour is true. O Allah, to You I have submitted, in You I have believed, upon You I have relied, to You I have turned, by You I have argued, and to You I have referred for judgment. So forgive me what I have sent forth and what I have left behind, what I have concealed and what I have declared, and what You know better than I. You are the One who brings forward and You are the One who delays. There is no god but You." In another narration, he added: "And there is no power and no strength except with Allah." He would say the takbir ¹⁷⁶ ten times, the tahmid ¹⁷⁷ ten times, the tasbih ¹⁷⁸ ten times, the istighfar ¹⁷⁹ ten times, and say: "O Allah, forgive me, guide me, provide for me, and grant me well-being" ten times, and seek forgiveness ten times, and seek refuge with Allah from the distress of the standing place on the Day of Resurrection ten times. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the sultan of the exalted and glorified kingdom, and the possessor of the lofty lineage and the honored rank. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship is that he never exceeded eleven cycles in Ramadan or otherwise: he would pray four—do not ask about their beauty and length—then pray four—do not ask about their beauty and length—then pray three. And he would pray two light cycles before the dawn prayer, which are the two cycles of dawn, as previously mentioned. So send blessings, O Allah, upon him and upon his family, a blessing that makes us among those who utter the jewels of his wisdom, and speak and stroll in the gardens of praise for his noble traits and enjoy, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. He never ceased remembering his Lord without a tongue, fasting and standing likewise. All his attributes in a state of life never ceased in their preservation, divided. The master of the messengers, the pole of excellences, the seal of the prophets—glorious is the seal. O most noble of the noble in grace and promise, nay, your action captivates the noble. O orator in the presence of holiness, alone, none other was here daring. O imam of the people of heaven and earth, how great is the beloved as imam among them. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the unique pearl of the precious necklace of prophethood, and the best of those whose companion, friend, and intimate find happiness through love of him. Among the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquette of servitude and the rights of lordship is that he would fast frequently, so that one would say, "He does not break his fast," and he would break his fast so that one would say, "He does not fast."

He did not fast continuously, and you would never see him during the month except that if you wished to see him fasting, you would see him, and if you wished to see him not fasting, you would see him. He never fasted a complete month other than Ramadan, and he used to fast frequently in Sha'ban, fasting most of it. He would deliberately fast on Mondays and Thursdays. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord appointed for prophethood and designated, and guided those whom he clarified the path of religion for creation and explained it. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, he used to fast frequently on Saturdays and Sundays. In one narration, he would fast Saturday, Sunday, and Monday in one month, and Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday in another month. He would consistently fast three days every month; it is said: the white days [13th, 14th, 15th], the first of which is the twelfth, and it is said: the thirteenth, and it is said: from the beginning of the month, and it is said: from the end, and it is said: the first, the tenth, and the twentieth, and it is said: the first ten days of each month, and it is said: the first Thursday, then Monday, then Thursday ¹⁸⁰, and it is said: the first Monday, then Thursday, then Monday, and it is said: the first Saturday, then three days, then Saturday, and it is said: unspecified. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, manifest in miracles and wonders, and Your chosen one, specially distinguished by the permission of spoils and booty. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, he used to fast on the day of 'Ashura', and there are differing reports about his fasting of the ten days of Dhul-Hijjah. When he entered his home, he would say, 'Do you have any food?' If it was said, 'No,' he would say, 'Then I am fasting.' O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose name fingers and pens have been honored to write, and the most excellent of those whom the great and noble leaders have followed. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, he used to practice continuous fasting [wisal] and forbid it. His practice was constant, and he could bear what others could not. He would exert himself in Ramadan more than in other months, and in the last ten days of it more than in other parts, and he would observe i'tikaf ¹⁸¹ in the last ten days of Ramadan every year. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord chose for leadership and pleased with, and the most fortunate of those whose structure He raised above the structure of people and exalted. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, he used to increase worship in Ramadan, including prayer, remembrance, recitation, i'tikaf, charity, and other types of acts of devotion and ways of goodness. He would release every captive when Ramadan entered and give to every beggar. He was most generous with goodness during Ramadan, and in it he was more generous with goodness than the sent wind. He would not withhold anything but would give it. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the refuge of every fearful one and his fortress, the sanctuary of every seeker of protection and his security. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his observance of the etiquettes of servitude and the rights of lordship, when the month of Ramadan entered, he would tighten his waist-wrapper [izār] and then not come to his bed until it ended. When Ramadan entered, his color would change, his prayer would increase, he would supplicate earnestly, and his face would turn yellow. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, perfect in honor and lineage, and Your chosen one ¹⁸², specially distinguished by forbearance, modesty, and patience. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and observance of the rights of lordship, when he found fresh dates, he would break his fast only with fresh dates; if there were no fresh dates, he would break his fast only with dried dates. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose companionship and friendship bring happiness to men, and the most exalted of those whose love and friendship the virtuous boast of. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and observance of the right of lordship, when he saw the new moon, he would say: 'A moon of goodness. Praise be to Allah who has taken away such-and-such a month and brought such-and-such a month. I ask You, O Allah, for the good of this month, its light, its blessing, its purity, and its well-being.' O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the sun of the message, noble in family and companions, the pole of majesty, lofty in rank and heart. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and observance of the right of lordship, when he prayed, he would wipe his right hand over his head and say: 'In the name of Allah, besides whom there is no god, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. O Allah, remove worry and sadness.' He would remember Allah in all his states, and he would begin his supplication with 'Glory be to my Lord, the Most High, the Exalted, the Bestower.' ¹⁸³ O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of chosen ones, adorned with the sash of Your trust and justice, and the most generous of the generous, through whose hands You poured abundant blessings and favors. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and observance of the rights of lordship, when he left his house, he would say: 'In the name of Allah, I rely on Allah. O Allah, we seek refuge in You from slipping or going astray, or from wronging or being wronged, or from acting ignorantly or being treated ignorantly.' When he entered the mosque, he would say: 'In the name of Allah, and blessings upon the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, forgive me my sins and open for me the doors of Your mercy.' When he exited, he would say: 'O Allah, forgive me my sins and open for me the doors of Your bounty.' O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, radiant with wonders and miracles, and Your chosen one, adorned with the jewels of names and attributes. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and observance of the rights of lordship, when he visited a sick person or was brought to one, he would say: 'O Allah, remove the affliction, Lord of mankind, and heal, for You are the Healer; there is no healing but Your healing, a healing that leaves no sickness.' He would walk to visit the sick barefoot, without khuff ¹⁸⁴ or sandals. When someone in his household fell ill, he would blow over them with the Mu'awwidhatayn [the two chapters of refuge]. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, beneficial in incantations and amulets, and Your chosen one, whose intercession is accepted for the people of sins and crimes. From the excellence of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and observance of the right of lordship, he would say: 'Five things are acts of worship: eating little, sitting in mosques, looking at the Ka'ba,'

And looking at books and looking at the face of a scholar. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose virtue his Lord bestowed upon servants and honored him, and the most exalted of those whose mention is in His Wise Book and His description, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the rights of Lordship, one day bathed in a bathhouse at al-Juhfa, and he used to bathe on Friday, the Day of Sacrifice, the Day of Breaking the Fast, and the Day of Arafa. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the imam of the foremost experts and the seal of the prophets and noble messengers, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette ¹⁸⁵ and his fulfillment of the rights of Lordship, used to say: "Bathe on Friday, for whoever bathes on Friday has purification from Friday to Friday and an additional three days." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose full moon rose on the horizon of happiness and shone, and the most mighty of those who passed in bygone centuries, and the one who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the rights of Lordship, used to say: "Your smile in the face of your brother is a charity for you, and your enjoining good and forbidding evil is a charity, and your guiding a man in a land of misguidance is a charity, and your removing a stone, a thorn, or a bone from the path is a charity for you, and your pouring from your bucket into your brother's bucket is a charity for you." And he used to say: "Overlook the sin of the generous, for Allah Almighty takes him by the hand whenever he stumbles." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, possessor of the enlightened pious heart, the radiant face, and the pure clean body, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the right of Lordship, used to say: ¹⁸⁶ "The best of my community are its scholars, and the best of its scholars are the merciful ones. Indeed, Allah Almighty forgives a scholar forty sins before He forgives an ignorant person one sin. Indeed, the merciful scholar will come on the Day of Resurrection, and his light will have illuminated, and he will walk in it between the east and the west, just as the brilliant star shines." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole of sainthood, pure in word and deed, and the crown of divine care, noble in branch and root, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the right of Lordship, the most beloved thing with which he screened himself for his need was a hillock or a grove of palm trees, and the most beloved of things to him after women were horses, and the most beloved of actions to him was that which he persisted in, even if little. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of black and white, and the possessor of the crown, the turban, and the yellow staff, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the right of Lordship, sold the palm trees of Banu al-Nadir and reserved for his family their year's provision, and left behind after his death no dinar, no dirham, no sheep, no camel, except his weapon, his mule, and a land which he made as charity, and it was among what Allah caused to return to him ¹⁸⁷ in Medina, Fadak, and what remained of the fifth of Khaybar. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the model of every devout worshiper and the tongue of wisdom of every speaker and silent one, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the right of Lordship, Gabriel, peace be upon him, said to him: "Indeed, Allah Almighty sends you greetings and says to you: 'Would you like Us to make all these mountains gold for you, and it will be with you wherever you are?'" He lowered his head for a moment, then said: "O Gabriel, indeed this world is the abode of one who has no abode, and the wealth of one who has no wealth; it is gathered by one who has no intellect." Gabriel said to him: "O Muhammad, may Allah make you firm with the firm word." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the adornment of the clan, companions, and family, and the mercy of the weak, the poor, and the dependents, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the right of Lordship, when something grieved him, he would say: "There is no god but Allah, the Forbearing, the Generous. Glory be to Allah, Lord of the Mighty Throne. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds." And when something pleased him came to him, he would say: "Praise be to Allah, by whose grace good deeds are completed." And when something he disliked came to him ¹⁸⁸, he would say: "Praise be to Allah in every situation." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the clear path of the religion and the tongue of revelation, the preacher and sincere advisor to the servants of Allah, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the right of Lordship, when a man came to him with a name he did not like, he would change it, and he liked a good omen and a good word, and when he went out for a need, he liked (to hear) "O Completer, O Rightly Guided, O Successful." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who ascended the ranks of honor and rose, and the most beloved of those who listened to the address from his Lord and received it, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette in fulfilling the right of Lordship, never took an evil omen from anything, and if he disliked something, his dislike was seen on his face, and he would joke but only speak the truth. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the branch of the tree of victorious glory and the possessor of magnificent deeds and excellent qualities, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the rights of Lordship, when he entered the market, he would say: "In the name of Allah. O Allah, I ask You ¹⁸⁹ for the good of this market and the good of what is in it, and I seek refuge in You from the evil of this market and the evil of what is in it, and I seek refuge in You from incurring a false oath or a losing transaction." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the model of every bowing and prostrating worshiper, the imam of every devotee and worshiper, and the master of every pious and ascetic person, who, from the beauty of his prophetic conduct with its lofty sources and abundant noble qualities, and the perfection of his etiquette and his fulfillment of the rights of Lordship with many glories and honors, one day went out to the market, walking proudly in the garments of beautiful and praiseworthy attributes, and passed by a man among his companions named Zahir, for whom a divine favor had preceded, distinguishing him from relatives and strangers.

He had a raḥmānī love ¹⁹⁰ by which the outgoing and incoming ¹⁹¹ knew him. So he came behind his back and placed his noble hands on his eyes while he was sitting, and he did not know that he was the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the bridegroom of pulpits and mosques, until he said: 'Who will buy the slave?' Then he began to wipe his back with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said: 'Do you find me unsalable, O Messenger of Allah?' So he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him: 'Rather, with your Lord you are not unsalable.' Then the precedence of eternal solicitude ¹⁹² appeared, and the distinction of prophetic, chosen love became famous, and hopes and aims were attained, and the truth of his saying, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, appeared: 'Zāhir is our Bedouin and we are his attendants ¹⁹³ at every resident and visitor.' Would that I had attended those places and scenes and made the heat of my face a resting place for the footsteps of him whose message was affirmed by speakers and inanimate objects, and by whose love the great, the excellent, and the noble were honored, and I had called out with my loudest voice in those blessed abodes and places: 'I am the unsalable one, O my master, O Messenger of Allah, and the one yearning for your rank in assemblies and gatherings. So intercede for me, my parents, my children, my relatives, and my loved ones with the Generous Lord, O possessor of great status and magnificent rank, O beloved of the beloved, O intercessor of sinners, O seal of the prophets and master of the messengers, O my master, O Messenger of Allah. O Allah, make him intercede for me, O my Master, by his status with You.' Its author, may Allah illuminate his heart with the lights of knowledge and gnosis and gift him with the gifts of divine bestowals ¹⁹⁴ and raise him to the stations of proximity and nearness, said: This, and when I reached this noble place and my thought roamed in the meaning of this exquisite, superior hadith and the beauty of its construction, delightful, splendid, and subtle, the jewels of its words appeared to me, divine freshness and subtle, eternal indications of allusion. That is because in the placing of his noble hands, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the eyes of my master Zāhir, may Allah be pleased with him, there is a wondrous secret and an amazing matter, so that his Aḥmadī secret ¹⁹⁵ might flow into the light of their blackness and his Muḥammadan love might multiply in their sight and the place of their gaze. That is because the two eyes are the guide of sight and insight and the lamp of conscience and the innermost heart, and by them perception occurs in sensible things and contemplation in created things and wondrous artifacts. And his saying: 'And he did not know that he was the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace'—how could it be otherwise, when his sensory and spiritual lights preceded his blessed, exalted essence, and the fragrant breezes of his pure scent opened the nostrils of those with colds with their ambergris-like, musky fragrances? That was only an inspiration cast in a mold of inspiration that occurred to my master Zāhir, lofty in rank and proud, due to his absorption in the beauty of the Muḥammadan essence and his infatuation with the perfections of the Aḥmadī attributes. How many a lover has been bewildered at the meeting, let alone one who witnessed the spirit of eternity and the treasure of piety and the Beloved, whoever sees him does not stray nor become wretched. And he did not recover from his intoxication and annihilation and return to his state and sobriety until he said: 'Who will buy the slave?' In his saying that there is an allusion to the particularity with which Allah Almighty distinguished him over all other beloved ones, and the distinction with which He honored him over relatives, clans, and companions, because he named him with what his Master named him in the clear Book and mentioned him with what He mentioned him on the carpet of closeness and proximity. For the lover of the Beloved is a beloved, and the companion of the Beloved is a beloved. So he is a slave from the aspect of being beloved, free from the aspect of the chosen companionship. Thus, by that, the highest honor and the loftiest, most exalted glory were perfected for him, especially by the wiping of his limbs with his pure, clean limbs and the attachment of his back to his luminous, radiant organs. And his saying: 'Do you find me unsalable, O Messenger of Allah?' He said it out of self-abasement and to manifest the particularity of solicitude by which he was distinguished over his beloved ones and his fellow men. In that there is an indication of his politeness with the etiquette of the people of the greatest veracity and his entry into his clients, retinue, and household, and his belonging to his most protected side. By my life, I did not deposit my secret and his secret in anyone else, lest secrets be divulged. When he heard him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say: 'Rather, with your Lord you are not unsalable,' when he heard this noble statement, his affiliation to that high, lofty presence and his entry under its shady shades were realized. So at that he cast off restraint and raised the banner of fame and pride with the love of the Prophet. Faith grew in his heart, he attained proximity to his Lord, he shed the follies of humanity, and he acknowledged pure servitude. He praised Allah for what He had granted him of the satisfaction of the chosen lordship, and for what he was praised with on the tongue of the best of creation in his saying: 'Zuhayr is our Bedouin and we are his attendants.' How excellent a master who made him wipe his back with his own self and delighted his sight in his beauties and beautiful attributes. So unsalability was removed from him, the prophetic distinction appeared in him, longing and love multiplied, and particularity and eternal happiness were established. 'That is the bounty of Allah which He gives to whom He wills, and Allah is the possessor of great bounty.' ¹⁹⁶ O Allah, I ask You, O my Master, by Your raḥmānī glance with which You looked upon the beloved of Your beloved, my master Zāhir, and by the sympathies of Your eternal mercy with which You showed compassion to him and his shining star shone in the sky of high stations, and by Your favor with which You bestowed upon him until

He who was the dearest of beloved ones to Your Beloved ¹⁹⁷, our master Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and the most honored of tribes, and by Your special care for him he came to be called the Beloved of the Beloved in deserts and settled lands—[I ask You] to grant me a share in that gaze with which You looked upon him, so that the breeze of his fragrant scent wafted through the gardens of dominion and the celestial realm, and the perfume of his sweet aroma spread; and to make me happy with that happiness with which You made him happy, until he attained, through Your love and the love of Your Prophet, the most sublime stations and the highest honors, and became renowned for that among the eminent of the near ones and the chiefs of the great; and to pour upon me from the ocean of Your generosity and the generosity of Your Prophet, our master Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), that which will delight my eye among the elite of the lovers and the chosen of the famous; and to illuminate my heart with Your light and his brilliant, radiant light; and to sustain me with Your secret and his clear, manifest secret; and to gird me with Your sword and his sword that subdues and overcomes Your enemies; and to protect me, by Your care and his care, from the assault of every assailant and the tyranny of every tyrant; and to repel from me, by Your blessing and his blessing, every distraction that distracts me from You and troubles my thoughts and reflections; and to clothe me, from the robes of Your gnosis and favors, a garment with which I may boast over the people of the inward and the outward; and to grant intercession through Your Beloved, our master Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), the accepted intercessor ¹⁹⁸ for the people of great sins and enormities; and to forgive me, by his immense rank, a forgiveness that leaves no sin in my record on the day when truths are realized and secrets are tested; and to grant me intercession for myself, my family, my children, my parents, my spouses, my loved ones, and my companions, both absent and present, by Your bounty and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. ◆ My intercessor to my Lord is the Prophet Muhammad, ◆ Muhammad, who encompasses all praises, never ceases ◆ To be my support, my refuge, my wealth, and my shelter. ◆ I have strengthened my resolve through him and renewed my high aspirations, ◆ And I have bound my hopes to him and to love of him. ◆ Answer, O Messenger of Allah, the prayer of a praiser ◆ And may Allah bless you as long as a cloud ◆ With a prayer that rivals the sun in light and elevation, ◆ Distinguishing you, O Unique of existence, and intoxicating ◆ Truly successful is he who has the intercessor tomorrow ◆ For the one in the seven heavens and the earth, a master, ◆ And the ultimate goal of my aim, where I find no other destination, ◆ And I have made him my support in events, a helper, ◆ And whoever finds kindness a bond, becomes bound. ◆ He sees you as the goal for the good he hopes for, ◆ As long as the turtledove of the arāk tree coos melodiously, ◆ And it remains eternal through the passage of the two new moons. ◆ Its radiance repeated upon the noble Companions. Gleaming signs, dazzling miracles, raining clouds of graces, fragrant breezes, cutting swords of clear proofs, and means of supplications by which the gates of heaven open and hearts and minds expand, and which the most excellent leaders and great masters are unable to produce. "It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to manifest it over all religion, although the polytheists dislike it." ¹⁹⁹ O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those from whose oceans of generosity and abundance delegations have drawn, and the most excellent of those whose illuminated soil and city visitors seek blessing from; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that when he prayed for a man, the prayer affected him, his child, and his child's child. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who built houses of honor and glory, and the noblest of those who attained from Your pleasure the ultimate wish and goal; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed for Ali to be protected from heat and cold, so he would wear summer clothes in winter and winter clothes in summer, and neither heat nor cold would affect him. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the bridegroom of the kingdom, beautiful in form and appearance, the place of blessing and grace, the happy one in piety and charm; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed for his servant Anas ²⁰⁰, saying: "O Allah, increase his wealth and children and bless him in what You have given him." So he did not die until he said: "By Allah, my wealth is abundant, and my children and grandchildren today number about a hundred." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your Beloved, beautiful in form and description, and Your chosen one, who protected his community from earthquake, tremors, and landslide; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed for Uthman ibn Affan for blessing, so gold was dug from his legacy with axes until hands were blistered, and each of his four wives took eighty thousand, or it is said one hundred thousand. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the lofty rank and high station, the light of insights, truthful in discernment and vision; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed for Ghurqada when his she-camel ran away, and a whirlwind brought it back to him; and he prayed against Chosroes when he tore his letter, that Allah would tear his kingdom, so nothing remained of it, and no leadership of Persia remained in any region of the world. ²⁰¹ O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole of majesty, the eminent pride, the eradicator of misguidance, the lofty in rank and power; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed against Ibn Juthama, who died after seven days, and the earth vomited him several times, so they threw him between two mountains and covered him with stones; and he prayed against Quraysh when they placed the camel's hump on his neck ²⁰², and he named them, and they were killed on the day of Badr. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the imam of assemblies and gatherings, the intercessor of creatures on the day of resurrection and gathering; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed for a man to accept Islam, and he said: "Not until you revive my daughter for me." So he prayed, and she was revived and testified to his prophethood; and he prayed for al-Tufayl ibn Amr when he asked for a sign for his people, saying: "O Allah, illuminate him," so a light shone from him, and he was called Dhu al-Nur (the one of light). O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those from whom hadith is narrated and transmitted, the most fortunate of those guided to the path of righteousness and guidance; he whose excellent answered supplications and special intercessions are characterized by the execution of wisdom and accuracy—that he prayed against a man who denied selling him a horse, saying:

O Allah, if it is a calamity ²⁰³, then do not bless him in it." So it became a she-camel with a branded leg ²⁰⁴, a terrified one, over a lizard that interrupted his prayer, so he leaped. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the locus of glory and praise, the best of those who acted upon what his Lord commanded him and cared, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach ²⁰⁵ for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Tha'laba ²⁰⁶ for wealth and attainment of desires, so his wealth increased thereby and he became rich. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved whose command is praiseworthy in stillness and motion, Your chosen one who saves whoever seeks refuge with him from the abysses of ruin and destruction, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for 'Urwa ²⁰⁷ for blessing, so he never sought profit in anything except that he attained and achieved it. He said: "He used to stand at the sweepings ²⁰⁸, and he would not return until he had gained forty thousand in what he sought and moved." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved who forbids deviation, insolence, and arrogance, Your chosen one who grants whoever seeks means through him the attainment of purpose and the fulfillment of need, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for those who sought rain through him, and they were rained upon for a week, then he prayed for clear skies for them, so the clouds cleared and the rain lifted from them. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who established the rules of the Shari'a and perfected, the most beloved who guided the servants to the path of good and inspired, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Daws ²⁰⁹ and Thaqif ²¹⁰ for Islam, so they embraced Islam, and for 'Umar ibn al-Khattab ²¹¹, may Allah be pleased with him, for Islam, so he embraced Islam. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the lamp of the climes ²¹² illuminated by his light in the two easts and the two wests, the mine of generosity and ample kindness, the vastness of annihilation and the two comforts ²¹³, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for 'Ali ²¹⁴ when he visited him during his illness, so that illness never returned to him, and he also prayed for him when he sent him to Yemen as a judge, and said to him: "Do you not know [the rulings] for judgment?" So he said: "O Allah, guide his heart and make his tongue firm." He said: "I never doubted in judging between two people." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the mountain of glory ²¹⁵, lofty in rank and station, the foundation of the religion, firm in structure and pillars, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Mu'awiya ²¹⁶ for empowerment, forbearance, and knowledge, so he attained the supreme caliphate, and he prayed for Ibn 'Abbas ²¹⁷, saying: "O Allah, give him deep understanding of the religion and teach him the interpretation [of the Qur'an]," so he was thereafter called the scholar ²¹⁸ and the interpreter of the Qur'an. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You granted righteousness, guidance, and right conduct, the most excellent of those whom You took as a truthful, trustworthy friend and a prophet servant, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for al-Nabigha ²¹⁹, saying to him: "O Allah, may Allah not break your teeth," so no tooth of his ever fell out, and he prayed for al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid ²²⁰ for blessing and wiped his head, so he reached ninety-four years of age and was vigorous. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the locus of veneration and exaltation, the imam of the presence of the people of intimacy and boldness ²²¹, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for 'Abdullah ibn Ja'far ²²² for blessing in the transaction of his right hand, so he never bought anything except that he profited from it and profit and increase appeared in it, and he also prayed for al-Miqdad ²²³ for the same, so he had sacks of wealth. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the sea of generosity, vast in giving and bestowal, pure of character, the blessed visitor and delegation, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for his daughter Fatima al-Zahra ²²⁴, may Allah be pleased with her, when she came to him with paleness from hunger, and he looked at her and placed his hand on her chest, so hunger was lifted from her and blood came over her at that moment, and she never hungered afterward. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of whom the ages and centuries boast, the most blessed of whom the towns and fortresses are happy with his mission, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Buhayya bint 'Abdullah al-Bakriyya ²²⁵, of Bakr ibn Wa'il, who came to him as a delegation with her father, and he wiped her head, so she gave birth to sixty children, forty males and twenty females, and twenty of them were martyred. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You have granted from the secrets of Your prophethood an abundant portion and share, the most worthy of those whom You have bestowed from Your divine gifts beneficial knowledge and wisdoms, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas ²²⁶ that his supplication be answered, so he was one whose supplication was answered, and he prayed for Mu'awiya when he was his riding companion one day, saying to him: "What part of you is next to me?" He said: "My belly." So he said: "O Allah, fill it with forbearance and knowledge." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of what is above the highest and beneath the earth, the most perfect whose love travels through all hearts and flows, from whose excellent answered supplications and special means of approach for executing divine wisdoms and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Anas ibn Malik ²²⁷ for long life, abundant wealth, and many children, so he lived about a hundred years or more, and about one hundred and twenty children were born to him, and the fruit of his garden bore twice a year, and he prayed for Malik ibn Rabi'a al-Sululi ²²⁸ to bless his children, so eighty males were born to him.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the support of the ecstatic ²²⁹ and the wayfarer ²³⁰, the lamp of prophethood by which light is sought in the depths of polytheism and the darkness of dense ignorance. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions ²³¹ for the execution of divine decrees and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Jarir ibn Abdullah al-Bajali to be steady on horses, striking his chest—he had been unable to stay on them—and thereafter he never fell from a horse. He also prayed for Mazin ibn al-Adubah, who was addicted to pleasure, wine, and women, and had no child; Allah replaced his pleasure with recitation of the Quran, the forbidden with the lawful, granted him modesty, and gave him a child, and all that came to pass. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose origin and excellence became manifest, the most generous of those whose generosity and virtue appeared to creation. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his intercessions for the execution of divine decrees and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Jabir's camel, and it became foremost after having been left behind. He also prayed for his dates to be blessed, whereas his palm trees had not yielded enough for years to pay his debt; then he paid his debt and had as much left over. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those You brought near to You in proximity, the most merciful of those whose heart You filled with compassion, tenderness, and affection. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of divine decrees and hitting the mark is that he prayed for Ju'ayd al-Ashja'i concerning his horse and blessed it for him when he was riding it with him in one of his campaigns, and it was weak and emaciated, lagging behind the people. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to him, "Go!" He replied, "O Messenger of Allah, it is weak and emaciated." He struck it with a crooked staff he had and said to me, "May Allah bless it for you." Then I saw myself at the front of the people, holding its reins, and I sold its offspring for twelve thousand [dirhams]. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose Lord brought near to His presence and chose, the most guided of those He sent with guidance to the path of truth and its recognition. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of divine decrees and hitting the mark is that he prayed for his uncle Abu Talib when he was ill and visited him. Abu Talib said, "O son of my brother, call upon your Lord whom you worship to heal me." He said, "O Allah, heal my uncle." He stood up as if he had been released from a fetter and said, "O son of my brother, your Lord whom you worship indeed obeys you." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to him, "And you, if you obey Allah, He will obey you, O my uncle." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of high rank and station, Your chosen one whose fragrance perfumed the corners of the universe with its scent and sweet aroma. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed for a young man who came to him in a delegation from [the tribe of] Tajib ²³² and said, "My need is not like that of my companions. They came desiring Islam and brought their alms, but by Allah, I have only come from my land so that you ask Allah Almighty to have mercy on me and make me content in my heart." So he prayed for that. Later his people asked about him and said, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, we have never seen his like, nor have we heard of anyone more content with what Allah has provided him. If people were to divide the world, he would not look at it nor turn to it." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Praise be to Allah." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose tongue You protected from uttering obscenity and falsehood, the most exalted of those whose side You guarded from nonsense, frivolity, and play. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed for a Jew who had done some work for him, saying, "O Allah, beautify him." His hair turned black after it had been white, and he approached a hundred years without graying. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the full and perfect moon of prophethood, the crown of the message sent with mercy to the elite and the common. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed against [the tribe of] Mudar ²³³ for drought, and they were afflicted with a drought that consumed everything until they ate bones, carrion, and camel hair mixed with blood ²³⁴. Finally, Quraysh sought his compassion. He also prayed against Utbah ibn Abi Lahab, saying, "O Allah, set upon him a dog from Your dogs," and a lion devoured him at al-Zarqa' in Syria. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the ocean of generosity, abundant in virtue and giving, the treasure of the destitute, extending his hand in mercy to widows, the weak, and beggars. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed against Amir ibn al-Tufayl and Arbad ibn Qays al-Amiri when they came to him determined to kill him. Allah sent a plague in Amir's neck on his way, and he died on his horse, alone away from his family. Arbad was destroyed by a thunderbolt that burned him, and that was in Shawwal. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who performed supererogatory and obligatory acts for You, the most beautiful of those whose love encompassed the whole and the part. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed against al-Hakam ibn al-As when he walked behind him, twitching his nose and mouth, imitating his walk and some movements. When he saw him, he said to him, "Thus be!" And from that day al-Hakam was twitching and trembling until he died. He also prayed against a man called Qays, saying, "May the earth not settle him," and he could not settle in any land. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the First and the Last, the Hidden and the Manifest, Your chosen one distinguished by perfect beauty and radiant loveliness. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed against a woman whose hand he had asked from her father. The father said, "She has leprosy," as a pretext to refuse his proposal. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Let it be so," and she became leprous, and to her is attributed the poet Ibn al-Barsa' ²³⁵. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, faithful to the covenant and pledge, Your chosen one, truthful in speech and promise. Among the virtues of his answered supplications and his special intercessions for the execution of the decree and hitting the mark is that he prayed against a man who passed between him and a palm tree toward which he was praying, saying, "O Allah, cut off his trace," and he became paralyzed and never walked again.

his feet thereafter, and he cursed a man who ate in his presence with his left hand, ²³⁶ saying, "I cannot," so he said to him, "May you not be able," and thereafter he never raised his right hand to his mouth. So bless, O Allah, him and his family with a blessing that guides us thereby to the path of righteousness and right guidance, and enrolls us thereby in the register of the people of love and affection, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. By a mercy from Allah, a rock became soft, * a deaf rock from their forefathers, And it responded to him with victory and conquest * after that, the green and the dust, And the pure Arabs obeyed his command * and the ignorant Jahiliyyah, And the greatest sign, the Chosen One, followed * upon them, and the fierce raid, And when he recited a Book from Allah, * a green army recited it, And Allah sufficed him against the mockers, and how often * did mockery harm a prophet from his people? And he threw at them a supplication from the courtyard * of the House, in which for the wrongdoers is annihilation. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, possessor of abundant miracles and numerous signs, and Your prophet sent with obligatory duties and confirmed Sunnahs, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are that the moon split into two for him, the trunk yearned for his separation, and water gushed from between his fingers on multiple occasions. ²³⁷ O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the beloved of the Lord and the honored one, possessor of high rank and majestic station, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: the gushing of water at the spring of Tabuk and the well of Hudaybiyyah, the feeding of a great multitude from a small amount of food in several places, the greeting of the stone and the tree to him, peace and blessings be upon him, and their testifying to his prophethood, the submission and obedience of the tree to him, its standing before him and then returning to its place at his command on more than one occasion, and the saying of "Amin" by the threshold of the door and the walls of the house upon his supplication, peace and blessings be upon him. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved who gathers the scattered beauties and their fine description and attribute, and Your chosen one whose souls are purified from what leads to His displeasure and wrath, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: his speaking to the mountain and the camel's speaking to him, the speaking of the foreleg to him and its informing him that it was poisoned, the informing of the roasted lamb that was presented to him that it had been taken ²³⁸ unjustly, the detention of the sun for him in the matter of the Night Journey and its return after it had set so that he could catch the afternoon prayer in its time. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose full moon rose in the horizon of happiness and became complete, the most beneficial of those who treated his eye with the ointment of sleeplessness in night prayer and applied kohl, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: the glorification of pebbles and food in his hand, peace and blessings be upon him, the prostration of the camel to him and its complaint to him of little fodder and much work; and in another hadith, that when he saw him, peace and blessings be upon him, it fell down and its eyes shed tears, so he said to its owner: "It complained to me that you starve it and overwork it"; and in another hadith, that it became stubborn with his companions and refused them its back and work, and became like a mad dog that no one could approach, so he came to it, peace and blessings be upon him, and when it looked at him, it came towards him until it fell prostrate before him, and he took its forelock, more submissive than ever, until he brought it into work. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, ²³⁹ the best of those who rolled up his sleeves for seriousness and service, the most just of those who judged by what his Lord commanded him of laws and judgment, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are that a camel became stubborn with his companions, and when he entered upon it, peace and blessings be upon him, he called it, so it placed its lip on him and knelt before him, and he put a nose-ring on it, and said: "There is nothing between heaven and earth but knows that I am the Messenger of Allah, except the disobedient among jinn and mankind." And in another hadith, that he, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "It complained to me that you have exhausted it and made it work hard," and they said: "Yes." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, Your beloved, truthful in speech and statement, and Your chosen one, regarded with the eye of veneration and majesty, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: that he wanted to sacrifice some camels, and they began to crowd towards him to see which one he would start with, and that the lizard, the wolf, and the gazelle spoke to him, and all of them testified to his prophethood. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who treated the sick with his antidote and healed them from harm, the most majestic of those whom his Lord protected from afflictions ²⁴⁰ in his presence and travel, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: his healing of those with defects by wiping his hand, such as restoring the eye of Qatada ibn al-Nu'man after it fell onto his cheek, and it became the better and sharper of his two eyes; and it is narrated that both his eyes fell out, and he restored them for him, peace and blessings be upon him, and spat into them, and they returned sparkling; and a blind man came to him, peace and blessings be upon him, asking Allah to restore his sight, so he ordered him to perform ablution and then to seek intercession through his Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, in a supplication he taught him, and he did so, and he returned with Allah having restored his sight. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the abundant flow of prophetic support, and the famous pole of divine care and sainthood, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: that he spat into the eye of Ali while he was suffering from ophthalmia, and he was cured instantly and never suffered from it again; and he, peace and blessings be upon him, spat on the hand of Mu'adh ibn 'Amr ibn al-Jamuh, and it is said Mu'adh ibn 'Afra', after it had remained hanging by a piece of skin, and it stuck and returned as it was; and he, peace and blessings be upon him, spat ²⁴¹ on the leg of 'Amr ibn Mu'adh al-Ansari when it was cut off, and it healed by his blessing, peace and blessings be upon him; and similar instances are many. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of noble tribe and clan, and Your chosen one named the Spirit of Truth and the Spirit of Justice, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces are what has been narrated: that he spat on the wound of al-Harith ibn Aws ibn Mu'adh, and it never hurt him afterwards; and he, peace and blessings be upon him, spat on the wound of Abu Rahm al-Ghifari, who had been struck by an arrow in his throat on the day of Uhud, and it healed, and he was called al-Manhur (the one struck in the throat).

Salama ibn al-Akwa' was struck on his leg during the expedition of Khaybar, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) blew on it three times, and he never complained of it again. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those by whom the sick seek healing from their ailment and by whom the distressed find rest from their weariness and toil; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated: that he spat into the eyes of Fadik al-Sa'di ²⁴² when they were white and he could not see anything with them, and he was able to thread a needle at eighty years of age. This Fadik—with a damma on the fa—and there is disagreement whether it is followed by a waw or a dal, just as there is disagreement about his name, his father's name, and his lineage. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your truthful, trustworthy beloved, and Your intimate, obedient, trusted, established chosen one; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated: that when he spat into a well that was in the house of Anas ibn Malik, there was no sweeter water in Medina than its water; and he spat into a salty well with little water, and it gushed forth at once with fresh, flowing water. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those by whose mission You erased the darkness of ignorance and polytheism, and the greatest of those by whose swords of proofs You cut down the backs of the people of misguidance and falsehood; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated: that he used to spit into the mouths of nursing infants, and his saliva would suffice them until nightfall; and one day he brought a bucket of Zamzam water and spat into it, and its fragrance became more pleasant than the scent of musk. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the master of the people of Tihama and Najd, the source of virtue, generosity, and glory; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated: that he passed by a well ²⁴³ and asked about it. It was said: "It is Tabsan, and its water is salty." He said: "Rather, it is Nu'man, and its water is sweet." So that water became sweet and good; and from the excess of his ablution water, it was poured into a well, and it overflowed with water and has never dried up since. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved with the clear forehead and forelock, and Your chosen one who received Your command with acceptance and joy; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated: that he prayed for 'A'id ibn 'Amir when he was wounded on the day of Hunayn, and wiped his face and chest, and the trace of his noble hand remained on his chest as a flowing white mark like the blaze of a horse; and he prayed for Bishr ibn Mu'awiya for blessing and wiped his head, and the mark of his wiping remained on his face like a blaze. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose praise and commendation are pleasant to lovers, and the most generous of those whose grace, kindness, and giving encompass all servants; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated: that he wiped the head of al-Muhallab al-Ta'i ²⁴⁴ when he was bald, and his hair grew and became even instantly, and his ailment disappeared. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who lowered his gaze from the vanities of this world and turned away, and the most excellent of those who dealt for the sake of his Lord and lent; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the head and beard of Abu Zayd al-Ansari and said: "O Allah, beautify him!" He lived to be over a hundred years old, and there was nothing on his head and beard but a few white hairs. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the lofty station and upright states, the noble deeds and magnificent virtues; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the head of Qays ibn Yazid and gave him a staff, and the place of his noble hand on Qays never turned white. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose full moon shone in the horizon of happiness and settled, and who guided the servants to the path of goodness and directed; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the head of Yasar ibn Zuhayr and gave him a sword, and his head never turned white until he met Allah Almighty. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the branch of the noble tree of glory and the pearl of sublime virtues of lofty rank; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the head of Muhammad ibn Fadala when he was two weeks old and said: "Name him after me, but do not use my kunya ²⁴⁵." He lived until all his hair turned white, but the place of his pure hand never turned white. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the sea of generosity, virtue, and munificence, and the rain cloud of goodness and blessing; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the head of Hanzala ibn Judhaym and said: "Blessed is he." He would be brought a sheep, a camel, or a person with a swelling, and he would twist something in his hand and wipe his bald spot, saying: "In the name of Allah, and following the example of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." Then he would wipe the place of the swelling, and the swelling would disappear. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the moon of the highest sphere of prophethood, the possessor of sublime glory and the lowest honor; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the leg of 'Abdullah ibn 'Ubayd after it was broken when he killed Abu Rafi', and it healed. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who investigated the matters of religion and examined, and the most noble of those who understood the rare sciences and wisdoms and hunted; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted signs is that he wiped the back of a barren ewe that had not been mounted by a ram, and milk came down in it, so he milked from it into a vessel, drank, and gave Abu Bakr to drink. Then he said to the udder: "Contract!" and it contracted. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad, and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the most eloquent of those who spoke the letter dad ²⁴⁶ and spoke, and the best of those who advanced in assemblies of goodness and advanced; from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the face of 'Umar ibn Tha'laba...

Al-Juhani ²⁴⁷ and his head, and he prayed for blessing for him, so a hundred years passed for him and the place of the hand of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, did not turn white. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who contemplated with the eye of his thought the wonders of creation ²⁴⁸ and looked, and the most honored of those whom his Lord supported in places of astonishment with the armies of His soldiers, and helped, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces ²⁴⁹ is that he wiped the face of Abyad ibn Hammal al-Saba ²⁵⁰, who had a heat, meaning ringworm ²⁵¹, and his nose had become shiny, and from that day he did not touch it and there was no trace. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who passed in the past centuries and remained, and the strongest of those who shot an arrow in jihad against Your enemies and persevered, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped the palm of Shurahbil or Sharahil ibn 'Uqba al-Ju'fi ²⁵² and rubbed it, and he had a wen ²⁵³ that had come between him and the hilt of his sword so that he could not grasp it, and between him and the reins of the mount so that he could not hold it. The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said to him: "Come close to me and I will raise it for you." So he opened it and breathed into it, may God bless him and grant him peace, and he kept rubbing it with his hand, and he did not lift his hand until no trace of it remained. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose mention sweetens on tongues and is pleasant, and the most abundant of those whom his Lord granted the greatest share and portion of the secrets of his prophethood, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces ²⁵⁴ is that he wiped with his noble hand, after spitting into it, the back of 'Utba ibn Farqad ²⁵⁵, who had something, and there was nothing more fragrant than him in smell, until some of his women said: "We were with him, three women, and each of us strove with perfume to be more fragrant than her companion, but whenever 'Utba touched perfume, he was more fragrant than us." So we said to him about that, and he said: "I was afflicted with a disease ²⁵⁶ during the time of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, so he seated me before him, spat into his palm, rubbed it with the other, and passed them over my back and belly, and what you see of fragrance clung to me." O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, the best of those whose praise the lover chants in the absence of consciences and dances, and the greatest of those who, by His care, destroyed the religion of disbelief, so it turned away retreating on its heels and recoiled, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he wiped with a staff over the wife of Mu'adh ibn 'Afra' ²⁵⁷, who had leprosy ²⁵⁸ and complained to him about it, and God removed the leprosy from her. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those on whose forehead and brow the lightning of beauty shone, and the most noble of those by whose law and religion the nations were blessed, he from whose dazzling miracles ²⁵⁹ and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he placed his noble palm on a sick person, who was cured instantly, and he touched 'Umar ibn al-Khattab ²⁶⁰ with his hand and shook him, and he became Muslim immediately. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who were absent in Your love and became immersed, and the most submissive of those who bowed his head in awe of Your majesty and lowered it, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he planted palm trees with his hand, and all of them bore fruit that same year, and he held a dry stick in his hand, and it became green and sprouted leaves. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who strove in the path of God and shot his arrows, and the most fortunate of those who protected the core of Islam ²⁶¹ and organized its system, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he placed his hand on Jabir's sheep ²⁶² after it was cooked, then spoke some words, and it stood up shaking its ears immediately, and he slaughtered Jabir's camel, which had become exhausted, and it became so lively that its reins could not be held. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those for whom You made attachment and connection to You, and the most perfect of those whom You provided with love and envy in Your side, ²⁶³ he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he goaded a horse belonging to Ju'ayl al-Ashja'i ²⁶⁴ and struck it with a whip he had, and it became so spirited that its head could not be controlled. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who freed necks and released captives, and the most beloved of those whom his Lord spoke to and showed him His lofty essence openly, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he rode a slow-paced donkey belonging to Sa'd ibn 'Ubada ²⁶⁵, and it became a fast-paced ambler that could not be kept pace with, and he rode a slow-paced horse belonging to Abu Talha ²⁶⁶ and said: "We found your horse to be a sea ²⁶⁷," and thereafter it could not be outrun. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the most generous of people in receiving delegations and guests, and the most generous of them in sitting and standing before You, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that 'Umayra al-Ansariyya ²⁶⁸ entered upon him with her sisters, and they pledged allegiance to him, and they found him eating dried meat ²⁶⁹. He chewed a piece of dried meat for them and handed it to them, and they divided it among themselves, and each of them chewed a piece, and they met God without ever complaining of anything in their mouths or finding any bad smell in their mouths. ²⁷⁰ O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of the people of Tihama ²⁷¹ and Najd ²⁷², and the best of those who carried the banner of honor and glory in the processions of the prophets, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what is narrated that Abu Hurayra ²⁷³ used to forget the hadith he heard from him, so he complained to him about that, and he said: "Spread your cloak." So he spread it, and he scooped with his hand into it, then said to him: "Fold it." So he folded it, and from that day he never forgot any hadith. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the forbearing, the oft-returning ²⁷⁴, and Your chosen one, lofty in rank and status, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he gave al-Hasan and al-Husayn ²⁷⁵ his tongue, and they sucked it, and they were crying from thirst, so they became quiet, and he gave Qatada ibn al-Nu'man ²⁷⁶ a palm branch ²⁷⁷ on a dark night, and said to him: "Go with it, for it will give you light, and you will see a black shape, so strike it until it leaves, for it is the devil." So the palm branch gave him light, and he found the black shape and struck it until it left. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who ascended to the heaven of meanings and ascended ²⁷⁸, and the most gracious ²⁷⁹ of those who guided his nation to the best paths and set a course, he from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that a newborn baby was brought to him on the day it was born, and he said to it:

“Who am I?” He said: “You are the Messenger of Allah.” Then the child did not speak again until he grew up, and I saw with my own eyes the Quraysh, and he never spoke. Then he said: “Who am I?” He said: “You are the Messenger of Allah.” O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pinnacle of glory and pride, the sword of divine care and might, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what has been narrated: that a bowl from his bowls was with some of the devotees; they would put water in it for the sick to drink and seek healing thereby. And there were some hairs from his hair in the cap of Khalid ibn al-Walid; he never witnessed a battle with them except that he was granted victory and triumph. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, sweet in character and speech, Your chosen one who forbids immorality, treachery, and sin, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what has been narrated: that he said during a journey to Abu Hurayra: “Bring what you have.” So he brought twenty-one dates. He then invoked the name of Allah Almighty, made a supplication, and began to name each date until he reached the last of them. Then he said to him: “Call ten.” So he called them, and they ate and were satisfied. Then he said: “Call ten.” So he called them, until the entire army ate, and something remained in the bag. He said to him: “When you want to take something from it, put your hand in and take, and do not measure it.” He said: “So I ate from it throughout the lifetime of Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, and ‘Uthman. When he [‘Uthman] was killed, my house was plundered and the bag was looted. I inform you that I ate from it more than two hundred wasqs ²⁸⁰.” O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those by whose name the rememberer seeks blessing and is happy, the most perfect of those through whose love one ascends the ranks of mastery and rises, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what has been narrated: that a man asked him for half a wasq of barley as food. He kept eating from it, he and his wife and his guest, until he measured it. Then he came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and informed him. He said: “If you had not measured it, you would have eaten from it and it would have sustained you and would not have run out.” O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord praised in His Book, the closest of those whom He sheltered and drew near to His presence, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what has been narrated: that he asked Allah to bring his parents back to life, and He brought them back to life for him until they believed in him. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who were called to Your presence and summoned, the most knowledgeable of those who receive Your address with the ears of his heart and comprehend, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is that he said: “I am the leader of the Muslims, and no boast; I am the seal of the prophets, and no boast; I am the first intercessor and whose intercession is accepted, and no boast; I am the unlettered prophet, the truthful, the pure, the one who descends [in rank] for those who trained me and turned away from me and fought me; and goodness is for those who befriend me, support me, follow me, believe my words, and strive with me.” O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, pure in word and deed, Your chosen one who relieves every hardship and terror for those who seek refuge in him, from whose dazzling miracles and abundant, widely transmitted graces is what has been narrated: that when Jahjah al-Ghifari took his staff from the hand of ‘Uthman and placed it on his knees to break it, gangrene ²⁸¹ seized his knee, cutting it off, and he died before the year was out. So bless him, O Allah, and his family, a blessing by which You protect us from excessive speech in what does not concern us and from wailing, and by which You grant us assistance in obeying You, strength, and power, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. ‘Arīb al-ḥayyi ²⁸²—may Allah keep the abode alive— You settled in it like moons at dawn. ‘Arīb al-ḥayyi—by your name in Najd, The tender branches of the willow kissed the winds. ‘Arīb al-ḥayyi—your dwelling is cheerful; How many a breast found expansion therein! ‘Arīb al-ḥayyi—long has been my longing For you; will I ever see a day of departure? ‘Arīb al-ḥayyi—I have a beloved among you Who made my remnant soul taste repose and comfort. Through him Quraysh sought rain when he was a child; Our Lord gave them clear, pure water. Chaste, modest, and bashful, Trustworthy, detesting ugly growth. A cloud shaded him when he was a child, Protecting him from heat wherever he went and returned. Trees and stones greeted him When he passed by them and departed. A palm trunk yearned for him in longing, And for meeting him found no space. We have narrated brilliant miracles from him, Recited evening and morning. From his sunna we have taken, from trustworthy sources, Hadiths we have narrated, sound and authentic. They showed the dawn of certainty to a mindful heart, And gave it release from error. Messenger of Allah, I hope for none but him; How many a heart has he relieved from affliction! Messenger of Allah, he makes the sea forget its generosity When he extends his hand to the worlds. Messenger of Allah, the elixir of congratulations For the broken-hearted, whose wound has worsened. Messenger of Allah, dispeller of clouds of hardship, Giver to the hand of his asker without delay. Messenger of Allah, enricher of the poverty of a servant Who remains prostrate at his lofty door. Upon him and his family and all his Companions Be peace, as long as the birds choose the clear morning. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who turned to You with heart and body, the most excellent of those whom You sheltered in Your presence and honored with every good that is with You, from whose miracles that informed of unseen things, and whose abundant graces encompassing the stories of the prophets in their details without having heard from anyone, and the past nations—what he mentioned in the Book and the Sunna, such as the story of Moses and Pharaoh, the story of Joseph and Abraham, and similar stories of the prophets in their details without having heard from anyone or being taught by any human, as the Qur’an pointed out in His words: “That is from the news of the unseen which We reveal to you” ²⁸³. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, chosen from the pure lineage of ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib ibn ‘Abd Manāf, Your chosen one selected from the loins of noble and elegant wombs, from whose miracles that inform of unseen things, and whose abundant graces specific to the future of what is to come, is what He mentioned in the Book concerning the defeat of Quraysh on the day of Badr in His words: “The host will be defeated, and they will turn their backs” ²⁸⁴. And what is in His words:

And His saying: "We will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve" ²⁸⁵ and His saying: "Say to the bedouins who were left behind: 'You will be called to a people of great might'" ²⁸⁶—they are the companions of Musaylima ²⁸⁷ or Persia, according to differing opinions. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad ²⁸⁸ and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who honor their guests and visitors, and who gave abundantly in Your obedience—his soul, his wealth, and his effort—and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what He mentioned in the Book in His saying regarding the conquest of Khaybar: "Allah has promised you much booty" ²⁸⁹. And His saying: "Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated in the nearest land" ²⁹⁰ until His saying: "Allah does not break His promise." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose full moon and light shone in the sky of prophethood, and the greatest of those whose flowers bloomed in the gardens of existence, and among his brilliant miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what He mentioned in the Book in His saying regarding the four caliphs: "Allah has promised those among you who believe and do righteous deeds that He will surely grant them succession on earth" ²⁹¹. And in His saying regarding the nearness of his death: "When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes, and you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes" ²⁹² to the end of the surah. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of whom a person seeks refuge in his supplication and sanctuary, and the most protective of those who cling to him for fortification against hardships and His servants, and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated from him that he said: "Indeed, Allah raised the world for me, and I look at it and at what will occur in it until the Day of Resurrection as if I am looking at this palm of mine." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose name the rememberer seeks blessing in his supplication and means, and the greatest of those whose nobility and excellence the peers acknowledge, and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated from Hudhayfa ²⁹³ that he said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, stood among us in a station, and he left nothing that would occur until the establishment of the Hour except that he spoke of it; whoever memorized it memorized it, and whoever forgot it forgot it. My companions here know it, and I do not know whether my companions forgot it or pretended to forget. By Allah, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, did not leave any leader of tribulation until the end of the world, reaching with him three hundred or more, except that he named him by his name, his father's name, and his tribe." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord chooses and selects for His presence, and the most sincere of those whom the seeker follows the path of his straight sunna ²⁹⁴ and emulates, and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated from the hadith ²⁹⁵ of Ibn Mas'ud ²⁹⁶ concerning the Dajjal ²⁹⁷: they will send ten horsemen as an advance party. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Indeed, I know their names, the names of their fathers, and the colors of their horses, and they are the best horsemen on the face of the earth on that day. And among that is his informing, peace and blessings be upon him, of the death of the Negus ²⁹⁸ on the very day he died." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those from whose sea of generosity and munificence delegations draw, and the most beneficial of those from whom the needy seek the abundance of his gift and his... and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated that he said, addressing someone: "Be calm, for upon you is a prophet, a truthful one, and two martyrs"—and he informed therein that 'Umar ²⁹⁹ and 'Uthman ³⁰⁰ would die as martyrs. And his saying: "When Chosroes ³⁰¹ perishes, there will be no Chosroes after him; and when Caesar ³⁰² perishes, there will be no Caesar after him; and their treasures will surely be spent in the way of Allah." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose Lord raised his station in the abode of recompense and honored him, and the most honored of those upon whom He bestowed what He entrusted him with of the gifts of good deeds, and the most gracious, and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated that he said to Suraqa ³⁰³: "How will you be when you wear the bracelets of Chosroes?"—and 'Umar put them on him. And his informing, peace and blessings be upon him, of the wealth that his uncle al-'Abbas ³⁰⁴ had left with Umm al-Fadl ³⁰⁵ after he had concealed it, and he said: "No one knows it except me and her"—and he became Muslim. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the blessing of the predecessors and successors, and the best of those who passed in the previous centuries and preceded, and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated from his reports concerning the matter of the letter of Hatib ibn Abi Balta'a ³⁰⁶ to the people of Mecca, and concerning the location of his she-camel, peace and blessings be upon him, when it went astray on some road of Tabuk ³⁰⁷, and how it got entangled with its baggage in a tree, and concerning what some hypocrites said about that, and that they fought Umayya ibn Khalaf ³⁰⁸, and that he fought Ubayy ibn Khalaf ³⁰⁹. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, noble in qualities and traits, and Your chosen one, great in deeds and characteristics, and among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special favors concerning the future of what is to come, is what was narrated from his reports concerning the killing of Zayd ibn Haritha ³¹⁰, Ja'far ³¹¹, and 'Abdullah ibn Rawaha ³¹² at the very hour they were killed, and he had appointed them as commanders in the order of their deaths, and his informing of what would reach him.

The dominion of the Umayyads ³¹³ extended from the East to the West, and it was as he informed: their rule reached from the beginning of the East in the land of the Turks to the furthest West, from the sea of Andalusia and the land of the Berbers, but they did not expand into the South or the North. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those to whom the disobedient flee for his lofty status and sanctuary, and the most generous of those who encompassed the servants with his beneficence and enriched them with his bounty and generosity. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his reports about fighting the Turks and the Jews, and about the departure of the litter ³¹⁴ from al-Harrah ³¹⁵ until it circumambulates the Ka'bah ³¹⁶ fearing none but Allah, and "until the rider travels from San'a' ³¹⁷ to Hadramawt ³¹⁸ fearing none but Allah and the wolf for his sheep." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord adorned with the jewels of revelation and its necklace, and the closest of those who testified to his delivery of what he was entrusted with and affirmed him. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his reports about the destruction of his community at the hands of young men from Quraysh ³¹⁹, and his informing shortly about the termite eating what was in their sinful, severing document ³²⁰, except what was in it of the name of Allah, and his informing, peace and blessings be upon him, Wathilah ibn al-Asqa' ³²¹, al-Ansari ³²², and al-Thaqafi ³²³ about what they came to ask him, and his informing, peace and blessings be upon him, his daughter Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, that she would be the first of his family to join him, and his informing his wives that the one with the longest hand would be the last to join him, and it was Zaynab bint Jahsh ³²⁴, and the length of her hand was through charity. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those through whom the sick seek cure from their ailments and pains, and the most excellent of those whose service the lover clings to and devotes himself to the crown of his door. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his reports about the killing of 'Uthman ³²⁵ while wronged, and his giving him glad tidings of Paradise despite the trial that would befall him, and his informing his companions of the locations of trials within their homes like the locations of rainfall, so the trial of the killing of 'Uthman occurred, and trials followed one after another until the trial of al-Harrah ³²⁶, and his informing, while he stood at al-Harrah, that men would be killed there who are the best of his community after his companions. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, Your beloved, the guide to the straight path, and Your chosen righteous one, by whose blessing the illness of the sick and the ailing is cured. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his reports about what he saw before the onset of trials: that the last of his provision from the world would be a drink of milk, and his informing that 'Uthman ibn 'Affan would be killed while reciting the Qur'an, and that his blood would fall upon the Mushaf ³²⁷ at His saying, exalted is He: "So Allah will suffice you against them, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing" ³²⁸. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the light of eyes and insights, and the lamp of prophecy whose secret permeates the essence of hearts and the recesses of consciences. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his reports about the name of the one whose treachery he saw after Allah sufficed him from his evil, and his informing Ibn al-Zubayr ³²⁹ openly that he would be killed patiently, and his informing Mu'adh ibn Jabal ³³⁰ about the one who took food from the room for him, and his informing some of his companions about the one who said: "Do not go forth in the heat," and his informing 'Ammar ibn Yasir ³³¹ about what pleased Ibn Abi ³³² for his companions at Tabuk ³³³ while he was traveling. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the support of the ecstatic and the wayfarer, and the best of those who called the servants to Allah and led them on the best paths. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his informing that trial would not occur as long as 'Umar ³³⁴ was alive, and that 'Umar would die killed and his killer would be a slave of al-Mughirah ³³⁵, and that Abu Hurayrah ³³⁶ would die in a land of poverty, and that Abu Dharr ³³⁷ would die in a barren land, and that Abu Ayyub ³³⁸ would die in the land of the Romans, and water was sought through his grave there. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose sayings and deeds the imams follow, and the most excellent of those through whose status a person seeks intercession to attain his goal and security. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated of his reports to al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad ³³⁹ about the one who wanted to drink from his drink that he had hidden with him, and about the death of those who die from the Muslims as disbelievers, and his informing our lady Fatimah, his daughter, of the approach of his death.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad ³⁴⁰ (120) the mercy of the near and the far, the master of kings, dominions, free men, and slaves, from whose miracles informing of the unseen ³⁴¹ and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing his companions of the death of the people of Bi'r Ma'una ³⁴² before they knew of it, and that the people of Bi'r Ma'una were carried to Paradise on beds of gold, and that Ibn Rawaha ³⁴³ would die a martyr and Khalid ibn al-Walid would take the banner. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, obeyed, and established, and Your chosen one whose foot is firm in the stations of might and establishment, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing about Ja'far ³⁴⁴ having two wounds with blood, by which he flies in Paradise wherever he wishes, and about the statement of Ibn Salul ³⁴⁵ before it was heard from him, and about the apostasy of al-Ash'ath ibn Qays ³⁴⁶, and about the killing of Samura ³⁴⁷ by fire, and about the suicide of Quzman ³⁴⁸ with a knife. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those by whose admonitions a person awakens from his heedlessness and dislike, and the strongest of those who cling to his rope and hold fast to its most trustworthy handhold, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing his companions of the conquest of Umm al-Qura ³⁴⁹, and that the angels would draw near to Usayd ibn Hudayr ³⁵⁰ (121) to hear his recitation when he was reciting, and about the arrival of Wahib al-Samma' ³⁵¹ to him before his arrival, and about those who hid themselves from the disbelievers on Friday to hear his sermon and see him. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole ³⁵² of sovereignty, renowned for miracles and wonders, and the mountain of glory, lofty in ranks and stations, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing of the death of Sa'd ibn Khawla ³⁵³ and of what the disbelievers concealed of speech in his conquest of Syria, and that Abu Mat'un ³⁵⁴ was counted among the dead while he was alive, and he did not reach his home until he died. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the beauty of the times and ages, and the master of the Emigrants and Helpers, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing that the molar of one of his companions would be in the Fire like Mount Uhud, and he later disbelieved and apostatized, and that the wind raged at the death of a hypocrite, thus confirming his report, and that the killer of al-Zubayr ³⁵⁵ would enter the Fire. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, faithful to covenant and pledge, and Your chosen one, the (122) informing and the abundant, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing some of his companions and relatives about Uways al-Qarani ³⁵⁶, his intercession, and his attributes, and that he is light-eyed, broad-shouldered, of moderate stature, very dark-skinned, possessing tenderness and mercy, and he will intercede for many of this community. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose tongues have uttered his remembrance in secret and whispered, and the most blessed of those by whom bodies are healed and relieved of their ailments, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing of the Battle of the Camel ³⁵⁷ and of the fighting of Aisha, al-Zubayr, and Ali, and his saying to his wives: 'Which of you is the lady of the camel with the large hump, whom the dogs of Haw'ab ³⁵⁸ will bark at, with many killed on her right and left, and she will be saved after nearly being killed?' And it was Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her and grant her His pleasure. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the choicest of Your chosen ones, the loving and truthful, and the imam of Your saints who are certain of what is with You and trust in it, from whose miracles informing of the unseen and whose special favors concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing (123) of the fighting of two groups whose claim is one, and his saying to Ammar ³⁵⁹: 'The rebellious group will kill you.' And he was with Ali, and the companions of Muawiya killed him, and his informing of his succession and his death as a martyr, and his being struck on his crown and his beard dyed with blood from his head, and his saying, peace and blessings be upon him, to him: 'You will fight after me the breakers of the oath, the unjust, and the renegades.' O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who spoke of the unseen and informed, and the most noble of those who, with the sword of His care, scattered the unity of Banu al-Nadir ³⁶⁰ in Khaybar.

Among his miracles that inform of the unseen, and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come, is what has been narrated from his saying: 'The caliphate after me will last thirty years.' And his informing that Mu'awiya would rule his community after him and that he would not be defeated, and his informing of the leadership of al-Hasan ibn 'Ali and that Allah would reconcile through him two great factions of Muslims. And so it happened as he said: al-Hasan handed over authority to Mu'awiya, and they reconciled after the armies had faced each other. And his informing that some of his community would conquer the sea and that Umm Haram would die there as a martyr, and that they would conquer the city of Caesar. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the crown and turban, the best of those who wore the garments of prophethood as the most excellent armor and helmet. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen ³⁶¹ and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his foretelling the killing of al-Husayn at Taff ³⁶² in the region of Kufa, a place known as Karbala. And his informing Ibn 'Umar that he would lose his sight and become blind at the end of his life. And his saying to Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas: 'You will live praiseworthy and be killed as a martyr.' He was killed on the day of Musaylima at al-Yamama. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the radiant star of beauty, Your chosen one of clear path and method. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated that he said to Ibn al-Zubayr: 'Woe to you from the people, and woe to the people from you.' And what happened between him and al-Hajjaj happened. And his informing that from Thaqif would come a liar and a destroyer who would be excessive in destroying people. The liar was al-Mukhtar ibn 'Ubayd (who claimed prophethood), and he claimed that Jibril and Mika'il would descend upon him. And the destroyer was al-Hajjaj. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the book of the secret of inscribed revelation, the support of the title of prophethood and the sealed message. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing ³⁶³ of a tyrant from Banu Umayya who would deliver a sermon on his pulpit and have a nosebleed until blood flowed to its base. That was 'Amr ibn Sa'id ibn al-'As, to the end of the hadith. And his informing of Uways al-Qarani and the mark under his armpit. And his informing 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas that he would be the father of the caliphs. And his informing of the Turks' dominance over the Arabs until they would drive them to the places where wormwood and qaysum ³⁶⁴ grow. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your forbearing and oft-returning beloved, Your chosen one of great status and rank. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing of the scholar of Medina, who is Malik ibn Anas, and of the scholar of Quraysh, who is Imam al-Shafi'i. And that from the two tribes ³⁶⁵—meaning Qurayza and al-Nadir—would emerge a man who would study the Qur'an in a way no one before or after him had studied it. They thought it was Muhammad ibn Ka'b ibn 'Atiyya al-Qurazi. And that a group of his community would continue to prevail upon the truth until Allah's command comes. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad ³⁶⁶ and upon the family of our master Muhammad, Your majestic and magnified beloved, Your chosen one of lofty and honored status. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing of the Kharijites ³⁶⁷ and of the black man among them who had one of his upper arms like a woman's breast or like a piece of flesh that wobbles. They rebelled against 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, and the man was sought and found exactly as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had described. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muhammad and upon the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose prophetic hadith the learned scholars have recorded in their books and transmitted, the most beloved of those for whom the yearning ones have sacrificed themselves and their wealth to visit his tomb until they saw him and reached him. Among his miracles that inform of the unseen and his special graces concerning the future of what is to come is what has been narrated of his informing, peace and blessings be upon him, of the killing of al-Aswad al-'Ansi al-Madh'haji and of who would kill him, and of the night of his killing while he was in San'a' of Yemen, and that was a day or a night before his death, peace and blessings be upon him. And his informing of the killing of Kisra ³⁶⁸ before he was killed, and that Allah promised him that He would kill him (i.e., Allah) on such a day of such a month, and Allah killed him on the day the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said. That was on the night of Tuesday, the tenth of Jumada al-Ula in the year seven of the Hijra ³⁶⁹, at the hands of his own sons, who killed him.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, the best of those whose parties have united in doing good, and the most blessed of those whose praises and book have been honored by the mention of his Muhammadan name. Among his miracles that inform of hidden things, and his special favors in the future concerning what is to come, is what has been narrated from his reports about al-Shams bint Baqīla al-Azdiyya: that she raised for him a black veil on a gray mule, and she was taken during the time of Abu Bakr al-Ṣiddīq in the army of Khalid ibn al-Walīd in this description. And his informing about the Qadariyya ³⁷⁰, the Murji'a ³⁷¹, and the Rāfiḍa ³⁷², and that his community will split into seventy-three sects, all of them in the Fire except the sect that follows what he and his companions were upon. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole of majesty and beauty, the imam of the presence of the people of proximity and union. Among his miracles that inform of hidden things, and his special favors in the future concerning what is to come, is what has been narrated from his reports about the emergence of a fire from the land of the Hijaz that will illuminate the necks of camels in Busra ³⁷³ in Syria. It emerged in the year 654 ³⁷⁴ near a stage from Medina, the honored, with a great earthquake, movement and disturbance, a terrible tremor and boiling like the boiling of the sea. It continued for fifty-two days until the people of Medina were certain and were shaken with a severe shaking, including eighteen movements in one day. A valley flowed from it measuring four parasangs ³⁷⁵, and what was near Medina was, by the blessing of its inhabitant, a cool breeze. It was seen from Mecca and from the mountains of Busra, and trustworthy people reported that they saw the necks of camels by its light. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the mountain of glory of far-reaching perceptions, the pole of sovereignty, exalted above rivalry in his lofty stations and participations. Among his miracles that inform of hidden things, and his special favors in the future concerning what is to come, is what has been narrated from his reports—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—about things between his death and the Hour, and his warning against its surprises, and that the Hour will not come until a number of signs and portents appear: the removal of trustworthiness and the Quran, the prevalence of treachery, envy among peers, scarcity of men and abundance of women, and so forth. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom You have perfected in form, character, and description, and the most noble of those whose station You have raised to the highest 'Illiyyīn ³⁷⁶ and brought near to You in proximity. Among his miracles that inform of hidden things, and his special favors in the future concerning what is to come, is what has been narrated from his reports about the truce that will be between the Muslims and the Banu al-Aṣfar ³⁷⁷, then they will betray and come with twelve banners, under each banner eighty thousand. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved of high rank and fortune, Your chosen one, the believer who sought refuge with him from the neighbors of oppression, transgression, and tyranny. Among his miracles that inform of hidden things, and his special favors in the future concerning what is to come, is what has been narrated from his reports about the conquest of Constantinople the Great, the abundance of wealth until the owner of wealth worries about who will accept his charity, and the one to whom it is offered says, 'I have no need of it'; the emergence of the Dajjāl ³⁷⁸; and that the Hour will not come until nearly thirty lying Dajjāls are sent, each claiming to be a messenger of Allah. In a hadith, they are twenty-seven, among them four women. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the treasurer of the hidden secret of prophethood, the possessor of high rank and majestic station. Among his miracles that inform of hidden things, and his special favors in the future concerning what is to come, is what has been narrated from his reports about the Mahdi ³⁷⁹, the descent of Jesus son of Mary—peace be upon them—in Syria, his killing of the pig, breaking of the cross, and imposition of the jizya ³⁸⁰; the emergence of Gog and Magog ³⁸¹ and the Beast that speaks to people; the rising of the sun from its west; the Qahtani king; the blowing of the wind from the direction of Yemen to take the soul of every believer until there remains on earth no one who says 'Allah, Allah'; and other reports of his—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and honor, generosity, glory, and greatness. So bless him, O Allah, and his family with a blessing by which one may be among those upon whom his Lord has bestowed His pardon and beneficence, and has honored and admitted him to the Garden of His pleasure, so that he may stroll in its chambers and palaces, eat from its delicious tables, and enjoy, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. The light of the light of existence in pre-eternity has * shone from him the radiance for every group. The secret of the secrets of the unseen in the womb of the Unseen * from which the realities of verification are narrated. What shines upon the Tablet ³⁸² of the knowledge of the Lord * has manifested to him with a subtle secret. Nay, Allah bequeathed to him * what has no attachment on the Tablets. Allah chose him as a beloved servant * so he was adorned with the ornament of affirmation. In nights of vigil and standing * he spoke concerning the rights of his Lord. Constant in luminous thought * of the subtle praise of Allah. The most truthful of people in utterance and speech * possessing a tongue truthful in every state. How great is his speech among companions * with the meanings of the understood and the spoken. And he gestures for them to understand his hint * while he reveals his yearning decree. He recites speech to the companions fluently * and repeats speech with precision. The most eloquent of Arabs, the most noble of non-Arabs in rank * he surpassed all creation with a deep origin. The most weighty of the worlds in intellect and heart * his heart is the house of his Lord, the observed. Allah witnesses, awake and asleep * who can equal the beloved from a friend? And upon him and his family be the purest peace * and the companions, who are the best of companions. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole of sovereignty, lofty in rank and stations, the path of success and happiness, famous for miracles and wonders. Among his reports of the unseen is what has been narrated in his clear hadith: that the lowest heaven is of light and wind, and that the fourth heaven is like a polished mirror, and that in it are angels as numerous as those in the heavens below it. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the most famous banner of guidance, the pole of sainthood, distinguished by exalted might and most glorious majesty. Among his reports of the unseen is what has been narrated in his radiant hadith: that the fifth heaven is of red ruby, and that its inhabitants have not raised their eyes since they were created out of modesty before Allah, and that the sixth heaven is like the color of red gold, and in it are the Cherubim ³⁸³, the greatest armies of Allah. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved who forbade disputation in religion and argument, Your chosen one whose side is exalted above treachery, concealment, and doubt. Among his reports of the unseen is what has been narrated in his hadith to creation: that

The seven heavens come, placing pegs ³⁸⁴ except that in them there is an angel prostrating or bowing. And indeed, the glorious Throne ³⁸⁵ was created from radiant light and brilliant illumination. And it is narrated that it was created from a green jewel, and that between every two pillars of the Throne's pillars is like the rapid flights of a bird for a thousand years, without doubt. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, possessor of the most beautiful eye, the comely face, the pure and illuminated heart, and the eloquent tongue, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his authentic hadith that around the Throne are eighty thousand pavilions, and that around it are angels on horses of wind, in their hands spears of light, urging the angels to glorify, and that the Throne itself glorifies Allah Almighty with a thousand types of glorification, and that it is upon water, and water upon wind. (133) O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the garden of fragrant and sweet-smelling virtues, the moon of the sphere of luminous and radiant sovereignty, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his most righteous hadith that the Throne has a thousand tongues and that it glorifies Allah Almighty in various languages, and that it is clothed every day with a thousand colors of light, and that around it is a city of musk most fragrant. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who proclaimed the lover with his remembrance openly, and the most generous of those whose love filled the heart and inhabited it, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his authentic and established hadith that around the Throne are six hundred thousand worlds, and it is narrated sixty thousand worlds, seeking forgiveness for the lovers of Abu Bakr and Umar, and cursing the haters of Abu Bakr and Umar. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the bride of the kingdom, the supported and victorious, the possessor of righteous deeds and praiseworthy striving, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his famous hadith that in the Throne is the likeness of what Allah created on land and sea, and that every angel among its bearers, between his ankles and his feet is a distance of seven hundred years, and that between the bearers of the Throne and the bearers of (134) the Kursi ³⁸⁶ are seventy veils of darkness and seventy veils of light. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved regarded with the eye of majesty and veneration, Your chosen one sent with the tolerant Hanifiyyah ³⁸⁷ and the straight path, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his magnificent hadith that the thickness of every veil among those between the bearers of the Throne and the Kursi is a distance of five hundred years, and were it not for those veils, the bearers of the Kursi would be burned by the light of the bearers of the mighty Throne. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, kind and merciful to his community, Your chosen one distinguished with the banner, the Praised One ³⁸⁸, and the great intercession on the tremendous standing, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his immense hadith that the Throne was created before the Kursi by a thousand years, and that some angels asked Allah to show them the magnitude of the mighty Throne, so He created for him thirty thousand wings, and he flew for thirty thousand years and did not cut through a single pillar of the pillars of the noble Throne. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the knot of the string of prophethood arranged, the possessor of high status and exalted rank, from whose reports of the unseen (135) it is narrated in his glorified hadith that if the light of the Throne appeared to the people of the world, the light of the sun would become weak with it as the light of a lamp becomes weak with it, and even less than that, and that beneath the Throne is a honored angel who has a beast that has encompassed the Throne; under every hair of it is written: "There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah," interceding for the one who sends blessings upon him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose conduct was followed by the eminent imams, and the most virtuous of those who supported the religion and clarified the paths of Islam, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his hadith of great veneration and glorification that every pillar of the pillars of the Kursi has a length like the earth and the heavens, and that the heavens and the earths are within the hollow of the Kursi like a ring thrown in a desert land, and that the Kursi is carried by four angels, each angel having four faces, their light glittering, and their feet upon the rock that is beneath the seventh lowest earth, and that an angel among them is in the form of Adam, seeking provision from year to year for the cattle. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the radiant of truthful assemblies, the best of whom the centuries boasted and the days and eras were blessed, from whose reports of the unseen (136) it is narrated in his mentioned hadith that an angel among the bearers of the Kursi is in the form of a beast, seeking provision from year to year for wild animals and insects, and an angel in the form of an eagle, seeking provision for birds from year to year over the passage of times and ages. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the locus of sincerity, certainty, and purity, the best of those by whom souls were healed from the disease of ignorance, severance, and harshness, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his followed hadith that if the people of the earth heard his glorification and listened to it, their souls would depart, and if he willed, he would swallow the heavens and the earth from one of his jaws, and when he mentions Allah, pieces of light like great mountains come out of his mouth, and that he will stand on the Day of Resurrection in a row, and all the angels in a row, and that he has a thousand wings in fulfillment. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those for whom the lover sacrifices his soul, his wealth, and the light of his sight, and the most beautiful of those whose beautiful conduct and trace the imams follow, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his prophetic hadith and authentic report that the place of the feet of the Spirit ³⁸⁹ is a distance of (137) seven thousand years, and that Allah has angels such that if one of them descended to the world, it would not contain him due to his greatness and size. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the imam of the people of obedience and righteousness, the best of whose intercession is hoped for on the day of the greatest terror, resurrection, and gathering, from whose reports of the unseen it is narrated in his blessed hadith that in the Kursi is a pearl whose magnitude of greatness none knows except Allah Almighty, and that the angels descend to the earth on the day of Fitr ³⁹⁰ and Nahr ³⁹¹, and that Israfil ³⁹² has twelve thousand wings adorned with pearls and rubies, each wing of them blocks

What is between the two horizons ³⁹³, and that he has a wing in the east and another in the west, and his two feet are planted in the seventh lowest earth, and that when he glorifies, he causes the angels to cease their glorification by the beauty of his voice, and that he sometimes becomes small from the awe of God until he becomes like a sparrow. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the magnificent mosque, the mihrab and the minbar, the universal intercession, the pond of abundance and the Kawthar ³⁹⁴, from whose reports of the unseen is what is narrated in his famous hadith: that the station of Gabriel is in the midst of the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary ³⁹⁵, and that under every leaf of it is a community whose glorification is 'Glory be to the Possessor of Might and Splendor,' and that Gabriel has bells, each bell having a sound unlike the other, and that every bell is filled with musk and ambergris. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the lofty station and the vast domain, the minister of truthful speech and sound hadith, from whose reports of the unseen is what is narrated in his eloquent hadith: that the luminous moon is of jewel, and that the Preserved Tablet ³⁹⁶ is of white pearl, and that its two covers are of red ruby, and that the Pen ³⁹⁷ that writes the deeds of mankind is five hundred years' journey in length, and that the food of angels is glorification. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the clement, the forgiving, and Your chosen one, the helper of Your pure and sincere religion, from whose reports of the unseen is what is narrated in his praised hadith: that the glorification of the angels of the lowest heaven is 'Glory be to the Possessor of Sovereignty and Dominion,' and the glorification of the angels of the second heaven is 'Glory be to the Possessor of Might and Compulsion,' and the glorification of the angels of the third heaven is 'Glory be to the Living who does not die,' and the glorification of the angels of the fourth heaven is 'Most Holy, Most Sacred, Lord of the angels and the Spirit.' O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the servant of joy and delight, the possessor of the luminous body and the patient heart, from whose reports of the unseen is what is narrated in his transmitted hadith: that the glorification of the angels of the fifth heaven is 'Glory be to Him who combines snow and fire,' and that the glorification of the angels of the sixth heaven is 'Glory be to the Holy, Lord of everything, and to Him is the return,' and that the glorification of the angels of the seventh heaven is 'Glory be to the Creator of Light.' O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the famous pole of sainthood ³⁹⁸, the spring of blessings and the abundant outpouring of light, from whose reports of the unseen is what is narrated in his luminous hadith: that the glorification of the angels of the seas is 'Glory be to Him who takes away the night and brings the day,' and that God, mighty and majestic, has forty worlds, of which this world is one, and that God has three hundred worlds barefoot and naked, not knowing of their creation, and sixty worlds wearing clothes, and that the inhabited part of this world compared to the desolate is but like tents in a desert: 'Does He who created not know, and He is the Subtle, the Aware?' ³⁹⁹ So bless him, O God, and his family with a blessing through which You pour upon us the gifts of Your bounty and abundant goodness, and treat us thereby with Your pardon and forgiveness, O best Master and best Helper. My prayer and peace be upon you, O you to whom the Merciful manifested in the Night Journey; my beloved, the light of your face has manifested, and from it every lover is not consoled. Can a passionate lover be consoled from you? For the likes of you, my beloved, are not forgotten. And there is nothing among things except that with you, O Muhammad, it was sweeter. And when you ascended to the heights, the celestial beings chanted to you 'Welcome and ease.' And they opened all the doors for you, and your rank was above all, higher. Their hearts were delighted, and you settled in them, and they had from you a light like kohl. Adam was enamored with love for you, and among his children you were the most sublime. And upon the Messiah and John shone a light from your face, and they rose with radiance. And from you came a third beauty to Joseph, so he yearned for a like. And Idris with a fourth of high rank, but above him the Guide is exalted. With a fifth, Aaron observed from him wonders of wisdom established and recited. With a sixth, he observed a great multitude of messengers, among them manifesting virtue. And he passed by it to Moses as a speaker, and Moses was consoled by the Beloved. With regret for what had passed earlier of good deeds that had gone. And he passed by the Friend ⁴⁰⁰ like a full moon, with a seventh, a brother to each, reward and sustenance. By a Surah of utmost peoples, Taha ⁴⁰¹ soared and rose high, exalted. Upon him and his family be peace, and upon companions who guided paths and ways. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the mighty, the preferred, and Your chosen one, praised in the sacred hadiths and the revealed Book, from whose noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues is that when the remembrance occurred, knowledge appeared, and the will flowed, the first thing that began was his mention, then his knowledge appeared through knowledge, then in the will his will, then in the decrees he is the first, then in the Tablet he is the first, then in the address he is the first, then in the visitation he is the first. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, strong in secret and support, and Your chosen one, guiding to the path of goodness, righteousness, and right guidance, from whose noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues is that he is the first to proceed to the visitation, and the first to look upon God Most High, and the first to ascend in degrees, and the first of the prophets in creation, and he was a prophet while Adam was between spirit and body. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, majestic in attributes and qualities, and Your chosen one, announced with his rising in auspiciousness, happiness, and good omens, from whose noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues is that the first thing God created was his light, and the first thing that prostrated to God was his light, and the first to say 'Yes' on the day of 'Am I not your Lord?' ⁴⁰², and that Adam and all creatures were created for his sake and from his light, and that his noble name is written upon the Throne and every heaven and what is in them, and the Gardens and what is in them, and all that is in the Dominion. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the unique pearl of the highest honor, the source of sweet secret and sweeter support, from whose noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues is that his name is coupled with the name of God Most High in His Book, and that he is named with about seventy of His names, and that he has a thousand names, and that his name is derived from the name of God, and that the angels mention him every hour, and that his name is mentioned in the call to prayer in the era of Adam and in the highest Dominion. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of

The masters of asceticism followed him in their conduct, and he honored those whom he healed from the afflictions of the disabled and the blind. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that God took a covenant from the prophets, from Adam and those after him, to believe in him and support him. He was announced in previous scriptures and described therein, along with his companions, caliphs, and trustees. Never in his lineage from Adam was there any fornication, and no sect ever split except that he was in its best part. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the refuge of the seeker and the afflicted, the mercy for the weak, the poor, the distant, and the near. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that You revealed to Jesus, peace be upon him, to believe in him, saying: "O son of the pure virgin, believe in the most noble of prophets, the master of messengers, and My beloved among them, ¹⁴³ Muhammad ibn Abdullah, the owner of the red camel and the luminous face, sent to all people, sent as a mercy to the worlds, and the master of the children of Adam in this world and on the day they meet Me." O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those at whose door supplication stands and in whose possession they hope, the most generous of those whom visitors seek and by whose vast virtues they descend. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that You revealed to Jesus, peace be upon him: "O Jesus, believe in the Arab prophet, the trustworthy, the devout in My religion, the one who legislates with My Sunnah and My law, the patient for My sake. He will have a station in the Hereafter that no prophet can attain." Jesus said: "My God, who is he?" He said: "Be content, for you have satisfaction." He said: "O Lord, I am satisfied." He said: "He is Muhammad ibn Abdullah, My messenger to all people, the closest of prophets to Me in means, the most present, and the most special in intercession. Blessed, then blessed, are his community when they follow his Sunnah and adhere to his law. Through him, they will join in the plains of the Resurrection, be gathered under his banner, and enter the abode of His honor—or he said, My honor—with him." O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who led his community on a path, and the most excellent of those who took ¹⁴⁴ the beloved in both abodes as a covenant and a hand. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that You revealed to Jesus, peace be upon him: "O Jesus, believe in Muhammad, whom the people of the earth praise and the people of heaven seek forgiveness for. He is trustworthy, good, blessed. His religion is the Hanifiyyah ⁴⁰³, his qiblah ⁴⁰⁴ is Yemeni. He is from you and you are from him, and he is from Me and I am from him. He opens with the takbir ⁴⁰⁵ and concludes with the taslim ⁴⁰⁶. His heart humbles, his chest shines with light, truth is on his tongue, and truth is with him wherever he is. His eyes sleep but his heart does not sleep. Intercession is permitted for him and for his community. The Hour will be established. I have prepared for him and his community gardens of the highest, Eden, refuge, Firdaws ⁴⁰⁷, and Tuba ⁴⁰⁸, abiding therein forever, eternally." O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who guide his seeker to doing good and urge him, and the greatest of those who, with the sword of his prophethood, shattered and crushed the head of disbelief. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that You gave glad tidings of him before his mission and revealed to Jesus, peace be upon him, saying: "Hear and obey, O son of the pure virgin. I created you without a male and made you a sign for the worlds. So worship Me and rely on Me. Go to the people of Suran ⁴⁰⁹. I am God, the Living, the Self-Subsistent, who does not cease. ¹⁴⁵ They believed in the unlettered prophet, the owner of the camel, the cloak, the turban, the sandals, and the staff, with curly hair, a solid forehead, joined eyebrows, long eyelashes, black pupils, a curved nose, clear cheeks, a thick beard, sweat on his face like pearls, and the scent of musk emanating from him. His neck was like a silver pitcher." O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, pure in branches and kinds, and Your chosen one, purified in his side from vices, abominations, and impurities. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that Abraham, peace be upon him, gave glad tidings of him in a long narration. He met a man on the mountain of Ilya ⁴¹⁰ who was glorifying, sanctifying, and magnifying God. Abraham said to him: "Which of these days is greatest?" He said: "The Day of Judgment, the day when God commands Hell and it gives a blast such that no angel brought near nor prophet sent remains except he falls on his face unconscious, concerned only with himself, except the Arab prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, the owner of the cloak and waist-wrapper, the sword, the whip, the staff, the camel, the donkey, and the horse." Abraham said: "Whom do you mean?" He said: "A prophet between you and whom there is a long time. He is the best of prophets and messengers, the seal of the prophets. His names are Ahmad, Muhammad, Bar ⁴¹¹ Qalbihi ⁴¹², al-Mufarriq ⁴¹³ between truth and falsehood, Mahmud, Amin, Yatim ⁴¹⁴, and Sadiq." He said: "He does not strike with his sword, whip, or staff. ¹⁴⁶ His community will multiply and spread. They are the praisers, the monotheists, and they are the best community brought forth for mankind." O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the majestic, the great, and Your chosen one, the source in the processions of honor, the foremost. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that You gave glad tidings of him in the Gospel and described him, saying: "With him is a rod of iron with which he fights, and his community likewise." And in the Psalms, in Your saying in a cryptic passage of forty-four: "Grace is poured from your lips; therefore God has blessed you forever. Gird your sword upon your thigh, O mighty one, for your law and statutes are coupled with your majesty, and your arrows are sharpened, and all nations submit to you." The address is to him, peace and blessings be upon him. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved who proclaims the truth with truth, and Your chosen one described with perfect delivery, trustworthiness, and truthfulness. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that the idols fell prostrate at his birth, Iblis ⁴¹⁵ was barred from the heavens, fell to the earth prostrating, and he was named Muhammad, a name no one before him bore. He was named Muhammad, Ahmad, and other names in heaven and earth before God created creation. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad ¹⁴⁷ and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who, with his resolve, tore through the veils and screens, and the most majestic of those whose rank was proclaimed by traditions and books. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that the moon vied with him in his cradle and moved wherever he pointed, and that he spoke in the cradle. His cradle was moved by the movement of angels. His chest was split. The invented soothsaying ceased. The heavens were guarded by angels from the devils' eavesdropping, and they were pelted with meteors. O God, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved with abundant portion and lot, and Your chosen one, beneficial in counsel and promise. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that he was given the Book while he was unlettered, unable to read or write. His Book is miraculous, preserved from alteration and change, encompassing what all previous books contained, with additions, comprehensive of everything, independent of others, and made easy for memorization.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, created from the purity of Your ancient light and Your special page, with beautiful description and great character. Among his noble characteristics and lofty virtues is that he is the most miraculous of the prophets, and that for him were gathered ⁴¹⁶ all the miracles, characteristics, stations, and virtues that the prophets brought, and the mention of his creation in His saying: "And indeed, you are of a great moral character" ⁴¹⁷. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who manifested Your obedience and piety, and the strongest of those upon whose heart You poured Your prophetic support and secret. Among his noble characteristics is that You mentioned his limbs in the Qur'an, limb by limb: his heart in Your saying: "And each [story] We relate to you from the news of the messengers is that by which We make firm your heart" ⁴¹⁸, and Your saying: "The heart did not lie" ⁴¹⁹, and Your saying: "The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down" ⁴²⁰; his tongue in Your saying: "Nor does he speak from [his own] inclination" ⁴²¹, and Your saying: "Indeed, We have eased it in your tongue" ⁴²²; his sight in Your saying: "The sight did not swerve, nor did it transgress" ⁴²³, and Your saying: "And do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [some] couples among them" ⁴²⁴; his face in Your saying: "We have seen the turning of your face toward the heaven" ⁴²⁵, and Your saying: "So turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram" ⁴²⁶ in three places; his hand and neck in Your saying: "And do not make your hand chained to your neck" ⁴²⁷; his chest in Your saying: "And We know that your breast is constrained by what they say" ⁴²⁸; his back in Your saying: "And We removed from you your burden which had weighed upon your back" ⁴²⁹. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the elite of the prophets and the pious, the pole of the circle of the righteous and the saints. Among his noble characteristics and lofty virtues is that he is the seal of the prophets, and his law is supported until the Day of Resurrection, not abrogated, and abrogating all previous laws. If the prophets had encountered him, they would have been obligated to follow him. He was sent to all people from the time of Adam, and the prophets are his deputies, sent with veiled laws. So he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is the prophet of the prophets. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master and lord Muhammad, the best of those by whom origins and branches are honored, the most honored by whom the goal is completed and aspirations and requests are attained. Among his noble characteristics and lofty virtues is that he was sent as a mercy to the worlds, even to the disbelievers by delaying punishment. Obedience to him is obligatory upon all the world. Allah swore by his life and by his message, and He Himself responded to his enemies on his behalf. He forbade the community from calling him by his name, but rather said: "O Prophet, O Messenger." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, the forbearing, the oft-returning, the best of those chosen by his Lord for His presence and selected. Among his noble characteristics and lofty virtues is that he is the beloved of the Most Merciful, and He combined for him love and intimate friendship, speech and vision, and promised forgiveness while he walks alive and healthy. He raised his mention, so that Allah is not mentioned in the adhan, sermon, or tashahhud except that he is mentioned with Him. He is the master of mankind and the most honored of creation before Allah. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those to whom yearning souls long, and the most merciful whose intercession creatures hope for and covet what is with him. Among his noble characteristics and lofty virtues is that he was supported by four ministers: Gabriel, Michael, Abu Bakr, and Umar. The spot where he was buried is better than the Kaaba and the Throne. It is permissible to swear by Allah through him. His station with the Possessor of the Throne is such that no one reaches it. He honored him, chose him, made obedience to him, selected him, brought him near on the Night of Isra', and gave him contentment, the request, hearing of speech, completion of favor, purification of the community, and that every good that reaches creatures in the gardens and elsewhere is only through his hands. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose name is mentioned by the masters of functions, and the most knowledgeable whose realities of sciences and understanding minds fall short of grasping. Among his noble characteristics and lofty virtues are the cleanliness of his body, the pleasantness of his scent and fragrance, his purity from impurities and filth, the abundance of his intellect, the sharpness of his mind, the precision of his insight, the strength of his senses, the eloquence of his tongue, the moderation of his movement, the beauty of his qualities, his dealing with creatures according to their diverse natures, his management of their outward and inward, his governance of the common and elite, his unique conduct, and the vastness of his knowledge. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master and lord Muhammad, the best of those...

Tongues are eloquent in his praise and commendation, and he is the most perfect of those whom the virtuous testify to his selection and choice. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are his speech of wisdom, his great character, his good companionship, his pure soul, his high aspiration, and that he is the first from whom the earth will split open, the first to recover from the Blast ⁴³⁰, and the first to be resurrected on the Burāq ⁴³¹ with seventy thousand angels. He will be called by name at the Gathering Place ⁴³², and will be clothed in the greatest garments of Paradise at the Gathering Place, and will stand at the right hand of the Throne. He will be granted the Praiseworthy Station ⁴³³, which is intercession, and in his hand will be the Banner of Praise on that day, while Adam and all beneath him will be under his banner. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muḥammad and upon the family of our master Muḥammad, Your beloved distinguished by the lofty station and great standing, and Your chosen one whose side is purified from ugly speech and blameworthy action. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are that he is the Imam of the prophets at the Gathering Place, their leader, their orator, the first intercessor, and the first whose intercession is accepted. He will be asked on behalf of others, while all people will ask for themselves. He is the first to be commanded to prostrate on the Day of Resurrection, and he will be granted the Great Intercession in the final judgment. He is the first to knock at the gate of Paradise, the first to enter it, and he will seek permission for the lofty visit, the opening of the gates of holiness, and the vision of the Noble Face. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muḥammad and upon the family of our master Muḥammad, the rising star of blessed fortune, the Prophet of mercy, the intercessor for his community on the Day of Terror, Regret, and Promise. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are that no witness is required from him for conveying the message, while it is required from all other prophets. He will testify for all prophets that they conveyed the message. Every lineage and kinship will be severed on the Day of Resurrection except his lineage and kinship. Adam will be called by his name as an honor, so he will be addressed as 'Abū Muḥammad' ⁴³⁴. He does not speak from desire, nor does he say anything in pleasure or anger except the truth. It is forbidden to precede him, to raise one's voice above his voice, to speak loudly to him, to call him from behind the apartments, or to shout at him from afar. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muḥammad and upon the family of our master Muḥammad, Your beloved who commands prayer and fasting, and Your chosen one who revives through his law the customs of sainthood and the path of the people. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are that his companions, when they were with him on a matter that gathered them, would not leave until they sought his permission. His love, may God bless him and grant him peace, is an obligation. Isrāfīl ⁴³⁵, peace be upon him, descended upon him and did not descend upon any prophet before him. The Angel of Death sought permission to enter upon him, may God bless him and grant him peace, and did not seek permission upon anyone else. When he descended to him, he descended with an angel called Ismāʿīl ⁴³⁶, who dwells in the air, had never ascended to heaven, and had never descended to earth before that day. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muḥammad and upon the family of our master Muḥammad, the best of those whose teeth shone with the sciences of realities and smiled, and the most excellent of those from whose sleeves the lover inhaled the fragrance of love and breathed. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are that he never had a shadow on the earth, no fly ever landed on his clothes, no mosquito ever sucked his blood, his garment never became infested with lice, no garment of his ever became dirty, and when he rode an animal, it would not urinate or defecate while he was riding it. Every animal he rode, may God bless him and grant him peace, would remain in its state and never grow old. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muḥammad and upon the family of our master Muḥammad, Your beloved distinguished by courage and leadership, and Your chosen one who wears from the robes of prophethood the best of armor and helmet. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are that he would spend the night hungry and wake up fed, his Lord feeding him and giving him drink from Paradise. The earth became dark after his death. God appointed an angel over his grave to convey to him the blessings of those who pray upon him. He appointed two angels over every person for my intercession, who guard nothing but the prayer upon him specifically. The deeds of his community are presented to him, and he seeks forgiveness for them. The calamity of his death is general for his community until the Day of Resurrection. O Allah, send blessings and peace upon our master and lord Muḥammad and upon the family of our master Muḥammad, the best of those whom the dust has shaded and whom the clouds have shaded, and the most beautiful of those who challenged with dazzling miracles and the greatest signs. Among his noble characteristics and lofty, exalted virtues are that whoever sees him in a dream has truly seen him, and that Satan cannot assume his form. Whoever among the Muslims clings to his noble body will not be touched by the Fire. He was a party of Muslims who would rally to him. Fāṭima ⁴³⁷, his daughter, may God be pleased with her, is a human ḥūrī ⁴³⁸, pure and purified; she does not menstruate, and no blood is seen from her in menstruation or childbirth, so that she never misses a prayer. For this reason she was named al-Zahrāʾ ⁴³⁹.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad, the most eloquent of those who spoke the Ḍād ⁴⁴⁰ and spoke, and the best of those upon whom his Lord bestowed the gifts of divine openings ⁴⁴¹, and who was honored. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that his family, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, are in the highest summit of Paradise, and that whoever holds fast to them and to the Mighty Qur'an will not go astray, and that they are a security for the community from disagreement, and that they are the leaders of the people of Paradise, and that Allah has promised not to punish them, and that whoever hates them, Allah will cast into the Fire, and faith does not enter anyone's heart until he loves them for Allah and for their kinship to him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose rank and station You exalted among the prophets, and the most beloved of those whose abode and station You honored in the highest paradises. Among his noble characteristics and exalted virtues is that whoever fights his family is like one who fights alongside the Dajjal ⁴⁴², and whatever oppression and injustice befalls us from them, we consider it as a decree from Allah, like drowning, burning, and the like, for they have the same inviolability as their master, and that whoever does a favor to any one of them, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, will suffice him on the Day of Resurrection, and there is none among them but has intercession on the Day of Resurrection. So bless him, O Allah, and his family with a blessing that leads us through the paths of prosperity and safety, and make it for us a treasure whose blessing we find on the Day of Regret ⁴⁴³ and remorse, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. I call upon my beloved, my support and my means ⁴⁴⁴ for reasons of honor that preceded in the unseen, and whose rank with Allah is exalted, as explicitly stated in the revealed Books. How many verses indicate the truth of his mission, which cannot be counted even by books? Is not the splitting of the moon the greatest sign, and the gushing of water from his fingers in a time of drought? Food glorified Allah aloud in his hand in the presence of his companions. And in the story of the provisions is the greatest sign: by his right hand they returned to growth and abundance. And to him the trunk yearned, and the sheep spoke when he smelled it—leave aside my near journey. And he had no shadow because his body was created from light, a statement without falsehood. These are matters that, for the intelligent, are the most complete proof of care from the Lord. So what can one say in praise of a master whose praises the Qur'an contains within its folds? He is the moon in the horizon of majesty, and his companions are guiding stars that guide the straying from the caravan. Muhammad is the best of all creation, the most excellent of messengers, and the most generous of prophets. My sins have overwhelmed, and my soul is sick; I fear the wrath of my Lord for what I have done. And today we have no one but You with Him, and my hope is good that my Lord will forgive me. So O Lord, by the Guide to You and his companions and their followers in the east or west of the earth, forgive the slip of the poor one who seeks, for Your bounty to those who hope is a flowing stream. And return to the Chosen One the purest greeting for all time, and this east wind does not hasten the anger. Pure sources, sufficient gifts, successive blessings, lights of majesty and beauty, Muhammadan and Aḥmadī ⁴⁴⁵ secrets that guide to the path of good in the highest stations ⁴⁴⁶. "O Prophet, indeed We have sent you as a witness and a bringer of good tidings and a warner and one who invites to Allah by His permission and an illuminating lamp. And give good tidings to the believers that they will have from Allah great bounty." ⁴⁴⁷ O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the treasure of mercy, the lofty of stations, the patron of grace, clear in proofs and signs, the mine of dazzling wisdom, miracles, and wonders, upon whom the Qur'an was revealed and adorned with guidance and elucidation, thereby reviving souls and healing breasts. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the overflowing Basin ⁴⁴⁸ and the shade of the extended tree of prophethood, who was given al-Kawthar ⁴⁴⁹ and sent to the black and the red ⁴⁵⁰, whose law abrogated all previous laws, and for whom the earth was made a mosque and a means of purification. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pillar of the established religion, the house of perpetual honor and glory, the element of glory chosen from the noblest bonds and purest virtues, through whose blessing great calamities were repelled, and for whom conquests and spoils were made lawful, whereas before they were strictly forbidden. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the presence ⁴⁵¹ of generosity and munificence, the courtyards of joy and blessings, the fountain of sciences and wisdom, who was given the comprehensive words ⁴⁵² and supported with terror ⁴⁵³ a month's journey away, thereby increasing in strength and prominence. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of the Praiseworthy Station ⁴⁵⁴, the bearer of the banner of tied glory, the bride of the witnessed gardens of being, whose breast You filled with wisdom, faith, sincerity, support, and certainty, so that his heart became a house of Allah, inhabited. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the rising of prosperity and good fortune, the alchemy, the treasure of the existing secret, the overflowing of generous gifts and munificence, to whom You gave great gifts, abundant and immense favors, and magnificent and grand openings, including the expansion of the breast, the removal of the burden, and the raising of the mention ⁴⁵⁵, so he became near and blessed. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the Prophet of mercy, the treasure of wisdom, the locus of success and infallibility, whom You supported with the Spirit ⁴⁵⁶ and tranquility, and gave the means ⁴⁵⁷ and excellence and the firm station, and sent down revelation to him in Mecca and Medina, so that at his birth idols were overturned, false gods fell, and every devil was subdued and became despised and rejected. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the intercessor of the community, the fragrance of the breath, the abundant portion and share, through whom the landmarks of Your upright religion became clear, and You guided the servants to the straight path, and gave him the Book, wisdom, the Seven Oft-Repeated ⁴⁵⁸, and the Mighty Qur'an, and revived through him the traces of the Sharia after they had been abandoned. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the spirit of essences, the substance of life, the beacon of guides, to whom You gave the ability to speak to non-Arabs and inanimate objects, to make the deaf hear, to cure chronic diseases, to heal the afflicted, to cause the sun to return, to split the moon, and to revive the dead, so that his miracles became dazzling and the account of his effects is recorded in books.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the manifestation of the lights of theophanies ⁴⁵⁹ and the locus of the jewels of the secrets of intellectual realities and transformations, the lamp of prophecy whose secret permeates the higher and lower worlds, who was given the vicegerency, the imamate, intercession, the heart of the fixed entities ⁴⁶⁰, the unveiling of consciences, knowledge of the unseen, multiplication of the little, the gushing of water from between his fingers, the softening of rocks and hard hearts, the subjugation of animals, the reconciliation of the harsh, the vanquishing of enemies, the erasure of the traces of tyrants and oppressors, and was aided by the angels brought near and the righteous believing servants of Allah, so the army of his enemies became defeated and subdued. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the seal's musk ⁴⁶¹ and the final brick ⁴⁶², the choicest of the noble messengers, who was favored with the Night Journey, the vision, nearness, and direct speech in the station of righteousness, honor, the Burāq ⁴⁶³, the Ascension, the leadership of the children of Adam, prayer with the prophets (peace be upon them), the establishment of the five prayers, the giving of alms, the manifestation of the rites of Islam, the fulfillment of covenants, the preservation of boundaries; through him the face of time rejoiced and became immersed in goodness and abundant blessings. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of mankind, the unique pearl of the necklace of order, the imam of Ṭayyiba ⁴⁶⁴ and the Sacred Precinct, who was given the vicegerency, the imamate, and intercession for all mankind, perfect infallibility, comprehensive mercy, the repulsion of calamities and great disasters, the lowering of the wing for the needy, tenderness toward the weak and poor, and the upbringing of orphans; so the banner of his armies and his generosity became unfurled over all. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the sun of prophethood and messengership, the locus of veneration and majesty, the eradicator of disbelief and ignorance, who was given the purification of the community, the removal of distress, the signs of blessing and glad tidings, divine care, eternal happiness, success and salvation in this world and the next, pure friendship, perfect love, and encompassing grace; so his mention spread in the highest assembly, and he was granted fame and prominence. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pole of sainthood ⁴⁶⁵, truthful in speech and utterance, the clear path of guidance, the manifest proof and evidence, the crown of divine care that scattered the host of the people of deviation and misguidance, who was given the keys of the unseen, the gifts of grace and favor, the answer to prayer, the eating of the food of Paradise, the elevation of rank and status, and the establishment of the Sunna; so his rank became lofty and his station became a pillar for the yearning ones, visited. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the crown of the prophets, the master of the messengers, the imam of the pious, the pure of character, the model of the elect, the greatest of them in rank with the Possessor of Might and Majesty, who was singled out for selection, choice, righteousness, sainthood, and station with the Lord of the Throne, firmness and establishment in obedience and guidance, attainment of desire and fulfillment of trust, and perfection of care; so his face shone with that, increasing in radiance and light. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the master of Arabs and non-Arabs, the manifest of noble traits and character, the fulfiller of covenants and pledges, who was singled out for testimony among the prophets and nations, glad tidings and warning, protection from people, healing of pain, attainment of purpose in his community, the spread of mercies upon them, the extension of blessings, the relief of crises, and the repulsion of hardships and afflictions; so his sin, through his intercession, became erased and forgiven. So bless him, O Allah, and his family with a blessing by which You grant us righteous deeds and praiseworthy striving, and bestow upon us through it a heart moist with Your remembrance and a grateful tongue, and grant us through it a goodly and ample provision and an accepted pilgrimage, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. Muhammad is Aḥmad ⁴⁶⁶, the praised one whose praiseworthy traces are praised in glory. For his sake were the world and the Hereafter—a blessing for the one who seizes it, a reminder for the one who reflects. The most majestic of those upon whom the sun of morning has risen among creation, from desert dwellers and settled folk. The noblest of all creatures, the ultimate height and sublimity, chosen by the Lord of the Throne from the tribe of Muḍar. The pole of the prophets and messengers altogether; were it not for him, the Creator would not have created the father of mankind ⁴⁶⁷. On his birthday, signs appeared for every observer—enough for you of signs! The devils were stoned, so they are now idle; the host of enemies perished and became afflicted with distress. Idols were overturned and broken, as was the arch of Kisrā ⁴⁶⁸, which became ruined. The camel came to him, and the ḍabb ⁴⁶⁹ spoke to him, as did the gazelle, the wolf, the trees, and the stone. From his fingers flowed sweet fresh water, and he satisfied the army with a ṣāʿ ⁴⁷⁰ of dates. The trunk ⁴⁷¹ showed longing at his separation, and when he prayed, a downpour of rain poured forth. The earth donned garments from his traces, and on the hills he caused flowers to bloom. He brought the Reminder and the Qurʾān as a miracle, successive, and his signs are well-attested reports. Allah magnified him among us and honored him, and singled him out for perfect beauty and conduct. He brought him near to the distance of two bow-lengths ⁴⁷² and honored him in the Holy Presence, without the creation, with a gaze. Among his supporters, the banners, He aided him against all enemies, so he triumphed with victory. And in the heart of those with spiritual authority ⁴⁷³, He made him beloved, so he became a treasure for them—what a treasure! And among creatures on the Day of Presentation, He will intercede for him, and he is the hope tomorrow for every one who waits. By his rank, I ask the Most Merciful for a request that my heart dictated before the end of my life. It has no other in the worlds to see—and how could it, when he is called the Remover of Harm? Upon him be the purest blessings of Allah, eternally, filling space and the count of stars and trees, and upon his family, companions, and followers, as long as the doves of the gardens coo in the evenings and mornings. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the locus of tenderness and affection, through whom the people of the desert and the city received mercy; the spring of mercy and kindness, whom the stone greeted and the tree answered his call; the perfect of virtues and attributes, who had no shadow in sun or moon. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, truthful in discernment and unveiling, whom the cloud shaded wherever he headed in travel; the adornment of the group and the kind, who was given such beauties that the intellects of humans fell short of grasping their realities; the true beloved of Allah, the savior of his community from metamorphosis and engulfment, who repelled from creatures the accidents of evil and the onslaughts of hardship and harm. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the light of insights and intellects, who could see behind him as he saw in front; the protected of station and heart, on whom the spider wove and the pigeon nested; the honored of family and companions, before whose majesty the spirits prostrated in the loins of Adam (peace be upon him).

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the Imam of the noble secrets ⁴⁷⁴, who by his blessing the date pits sprouted from their time, and the pebbles glorified [Allah] in his palm, and the food [multiplied], and the lamp of the stakes ⁴⁷⁵ and the poles ⁴⁷⁶, to whom the heard sheep spoke and the great angels submitted to his majesty, and the bride of the stations of nearness and proximity, whose creation and character were beautiful, and with whose brick the building of the noble messengers was completed. So bless him, O Allah, and his family, the noble secrets ⁴⁷⁴, and his Companions who laid the foundations of the religion and manifested the rulings, a blessing by which You bring us out of the darkness of doubts and illusions, and by its blessing cure us from ailments and all sicknesses, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the overflowing flood of gifts, to whom the wolf and the lizard spoke, and the camel complained to him of the abundance of generosity, to whom the gazelle fled, and the luminous moon split in his confirmation, and the branch of the tree of victorious glory, upon whom the lights of prophethood shone in the cradle before his amulets were hung, and he spoke of that: the ultimate honor and great sovereignty. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the renowned sultan of the kingdom, whom You created from the purity of Your merciful light, and magnified his rank before creation and formation, and the spring of virtue and abundant good, in whose hand You placed the keys of the earth, so that what was difficult became easy for him, and the mercy of the young and the many, whose heart Gabriel split and washed with the water of faith, wisdom, and illumination. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the possessor of high station and great rank, upon whom the fly would not alight due to the reverence, magnification, and honor he was singled out for, and the sun of prophethood, foremost in the assemblies of lordship and leadership, who could be seen in darkness as in light and knew the innermost thoughts of the soul and the secrets of the conscience, and the tongue of the masters of allusion and expression, who when he spoke silenced the eloquent, and when he walked the earth folded for him, and he heard the sound of the pens on the Preserved Tablet ⁴⁷⁷ by permission of the All-Knowing, All-Aware. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the path of happiness, the bringer of good news and warner, who would inhale the fragrance of the gardens and bring to the believers breezes of joy and glad tidings, and the mountain of generosity, sent with compassion, gentleness, and ease, who when he drank from a vessel, the scent of musk would be found in it, and when someone kissed his hand, they found it softer than butter and silk, and the pole of lordship and the locus of benefit, who satisfied a thousand with a measure of food and gave them drink with a measure of abundant water. So bless him, O Allah, and his family, the knights of eloquence and fine expression, and his Companions, possessors of seriousness, effort, and determination, a blessing by which You honor the lowly and humble among us, and by which You heal the sick and the blind among us, and by which You repel from us the obstacles of laziness, incapacity, and shortcoming, and by which You forgive us all the sins we have committed, and do not call us to account by its blessing for the smallest thing ⁴⁷⁸ or the thin membrane ⁴⁷⁹, by Your grace and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. ❖ Every virtue in the worlds is but a borrowed splendor from the Prophet's virtue. ❖ His breast was split, and the moon was split for him, and for every condition there is a recompense. ❖ He threw pebbles and struck an army—what are pebbles to him and what is throwing? ❖ He prayed for the people when they were struck by a year of drought and barrenness. ❖ Then it rained for seven days with a cloud that poured down. ❖ It sought out the places of grazing and watering, and where the thirsty had their waterskins weakened. ❖ The people came complaining of its harm, and a relief that brought prosperity to the people. ❖ He prayed, and the clouds cleared—so speak of a rain whose departure was a prayer for rain. ❖ Then the earth became moist, and the eyes of the cattle were delighted, and the villages revived. ❖ You see the earth after it like a sky brightened by its stars in the darkness. ❖ The pearls and rubies are shamed by the light of its white and red. ❖ Would that he had singled me out with the vision of a face from which misery departs for all who see it. ❖ Radiant, meeting the army with a smile when faces and meetings are gloomy. ❖ The earth was made a mosque for him, so Mount Hira ⁴⁸⁰ trembled with prayer therein. ❖ Or by kissing a palm that was for Allah, and its taking and giving were for Him. Kings fear its might, and the poor attain wealth from its bounty. Ask not for the flow of its generosity; sufficient for you is the dripping of its clouds. The sheep gave milk when it passed by it, so it had wealth and growth. Water gushed forth, the palm trees bore fruit in a year, and the pebbles glorified. It revived the destitute from the death of hardship, when the people lacked provision and water. A thousand hungry people lunched with a measure, and the great ones drank with a measure. It removed by its touch every disease that the chief physicians had deemed great. Sublime and immense virtues, and abundant gifts of mercies, and special characteristics of a blessed and generous community, whose ranks are great with Allah and whose states are naturally inclined to obedience and uprightness, and a group whose beginning is not known to be better than its end, as he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "My community is like rain; it is not known whether its beginning is better or its end." And his saying: "My example with my community is like a man who planted a grove of palm trees, and it bore fruit year after year, then he died and left it, so it is not known whether its beginning is better or its end." O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your perfect beloved in virtues and attributes, and Your chosen one supported by dazzling signs and clear proofs, from whose noble community's special characteristics and sublime virtues is that love for him, his family, and his Companions is obligatory upon them, and that his companionship, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is established for whoever met him, even for a moment, and that all his Companions are trustworthy, so the probity of none of them is investigated as is done for other narrators. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pillar of the upright religion and the possessor of high station and great rank, from whose noble community's special characteristics and sublime virtues is that among them are those for whose death the Throne ⁴⁸¹ trembled with joy at meeting [Allah].

His soul, and seventy thousand angels who had never set foot on earth before his death attended his funeral, among them were those whom the angels washed, and those who resembled Gabriel, Abraham, Noah, Moses, Jesus, Joseph, and Luqman the Wise. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the pillar of the upright religion, the possessor of lofty station and great dignity ⁴⁸², from whose noble characteristics and exalted virtues... O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, pure in character and nature, Your chosen one sent with comprehensive speech and subtle wisdom, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that they are the best of nations, the most numerous of nations—forty—and they are the first of nations from whom the earth will split open, and they will enter Paradise before all other nations. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, faithful to covenants and pledges, Your chosen one who commands good and stands by covenants, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that they will come on the Day of Resurrection with bright faces and limbs from the effect of ablution ⁴⁸³, like a horse with a white blaze on its face and white socks on its legs; in the hadith: 'bright-faced and white-limbed from ablution,' and they will be with their Prophet on a high place, envied by all nations, and they have a mark on their faces from the effect of prostration. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the choicest of Your chosen near ones, the elite of Your beloved, certain and sincere, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that their offspring will run before them, they will be given their books in their right hands, they will pass over the Bridge like a flash of lightning or the wind, they will enter their graves with their sins and emerge from them without sins, their sins being erased by the believers' seeking forgiveness for them, their righteous will intercede for their wrongdoers, they will have what they earned and what was earned for them, while those before them had only what they earned, their light will run before them and on their right, their punishment will be hastened in this world and in the Barzakh ⁴⁸⁴ so that they may come to the Resurrection purified. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, healer of hearts from the disease of ailments and sicknesses, Your chosen one, whose side is safe from deviation from the path of truth and turning away, from whose noble characteristics and his community's exalted virtues is that judgment will be passed for them before all creatures, their major sins will be forgiven, they will be appointed as just witnesses over people that their messengers have conveyed to them, the burden that was upon nations before them will be lifted from them, and they were given ease in repentance, specification of retribution for intentional and unintentional killing, cutting of mistaken limbs, gouging out an eye from the one who looks at what is unlawful, and cutting off the place of impurity with scissors ⁴⁸⁵. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who ascended to the heaven of high stations and ascended, and loved by those who fly on the wing of longing to his station and rank, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that ablution for prayer is not obligatory for them after eating as it was for those before them, and they are allowed to employ a thief, not to repel an aggressor, and they are not required to practice monasticism or wandering, and He has not placed upon them any hardship in religion. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, whose station and symbol are illuminated, Your Prophet who forbade judgment by conjecture and guesswork, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that those among them who cannot stand in prayer are permitted to pray sitting, and the traveler is permitted to break the fast and shorten prayers, and He made for them a way out from every sin, opened for them the door of repentance, legislated expiations for His rights, blood money for the rights of servants, and lifted from them accountability for mistakes, forgetfulness, what they are coerced into, and thoughts that cross the mind. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, Your beloved, strong in proof and argument, Your chosen one, clear in path and way, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that each of them will be given a Jew or a Christian, and it will be said to him: 'O Muslim, this is your ransom from the Fire,' and seventy thousand of them will enter Paradise without reckoning ⁴⁸⁶, they will not unite upon error, the people of falsehood among them will not overcome the people of truth, and their consensus is a proof. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those for whose visitation journeys are undertaken, the most blessed of those whose dignity provides protection in station and journeys, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that they are protected from their Prophet invoking a supplication against them that would destroy them, they believe in the first Book and the last Book, they enjoin good and forbid evil, their reward is given in this world while being stored for them in the Hereafter, and they are the praisers, praising Allah in every circumstance. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whom his Lord chose from His creation and selected, the most honored of those whom He raised to the station of honor and care and elevated, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that mountains and trees rejoice at their passing over them due to their glorification and sanctification, the gates of heaven are opened for their deeds and souls, the angels rejoice at them, Allah and His angels send blessings upon them, and they are taken on their beds while they are martyrs in the sight of Allah. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the table of goodness, virtue, and blessings, the best of those to whom delegations come and whose station is visited every year, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues ⁴⁸⁷ is that the table is set before them and they do not lift it until they are forgiven, their offering is prayer, their offering is their blood, and it is a cover for those among them whose deed is not accepted or who commit a sin, and sins are forgiven for them through seeking forgiveness and regret, for them repentance is accepted, they repent in every place, and they are not deprived of a spouse or food due to sin. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the treasure of gifts of virtue and favor, the best of those who obeyed his Lord and performed for Him the obligatory and the sunnah, from whose noble community's characteristics and exalted virtues is that they were promised that they would not perish by hunger, nor by an enemy other than themselves that would exterminate them, nor by division, and Allah will not combine against them two swords: a sword from themselves and a sword from their enemy, and if two of them testify for someone to good, Paradise becomes obligatory for him.

O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those who spoke of the secrets of the unseen and informed, and the most knowledgeable of those who brought the revelation of heaven, so he gave glad tidings, warned, excused, and admonished. Among the special characteristics of his noble community and its lofty, exalted virtues is that Moses (peace be upon him) wished to be among them and asked Allah the Exalted for that when he saw the honor they have with Him, and that whoever among them intends an evil deed but does not commit it, no evil deed is recorded against him; if he commits it, one evil deed is recorded. Whoever intends a good deed ⁴⁸⁸ and does not perform it, a good deed is recorded; if he performs it, ten to seven hundred times or more are recorded. O Allah, bless and grant peace to our master and lord Muhammad and to the family of our master Muhammad, the best of those whose mention tongues and lips have uttered, and the most majestic before whose proof of might necks and foreheads have bowed. Among the special characteristics of his noble community and its lofty, exalted virtues is that the treasures of everything, including knowledge, were opened for them, and they are the heirs of the prophets. They fear not the blame of any blamer in the cause of Allah. They are humble towards the believers, stern towards the disbelievers. Their foremost are foremost and enter Paradise without reckoning; their moderate are saved and will be given an easy reckoning; their wrongdoers are forgiven, and none among them is except shown mercy. A group among them will continue to uphold the truth until the command of Allah comes. So bless him, O Allah, and his family with a blessing by which You honor us with his love and pleasure, and make us through it among his merciful community, whose status is magnified before Allah, by Your favor and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. What a merciful community! Allah has favored it over all other communities and proclaimed its honor in His previous books that came before. He informed in the Torah and the Gospel, and described its Prophet in His earlier books, saying: "Muhammad is My servant, the one who relies on Me, the chosen one; he is not harsh nor coarse, nor a noisy one in the markets. His birthplace is Mecca, his emigration is to Taybah. His community are the praisers ⁴⁸⁹ who praise Allah in every honor and in every state that befalls them; their tongues are with takbir; they support their Prophet against all who oppose him; they wash their private parts with water and wear their lower garments around their waists; their Gospels are in their hearts; they eat; their offerings are in their bellies and they are rewarded for them; their mutual compassion is like that of a mother and father. They are the first of the communities to enter Paradise on the Day of Resurrection, and they are the foremost, the near ones, the intercessors whose intercession is accepted. And in the Torah: 'O Moses, I love Ahmad as you love yourself, and love his community as you love yourself. O Moses, convey from Me to the Children of Israel that whoever rejects anything that Ahmad brought, even if it is a single letter, I will cast him into the Fire dragged. And indeed Ahmad is mercy, blessing, and light for those who believe in him, whether they saw him or not. Whoever believes in him, I love him during his life, I will not make him lonely in his grave, I will not forsake him on the Day of Resurrection, I will not scrutinize his reckoning at the standing, and his foot will not slip on the bridge. And the most beloved of creation to Me is the one who does not deny Ahmad nor hate him. I have taken an oath upon Myself before I created the heavens and the earth, this world and the Hereafter, that whoever testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, sincerely from his heart, I will write for him a certificate of immunity from the Fire twenty years before his death. I will instruct the Angel of Death at his taking to be more gentle with him than his own parents. I will instruct Munkar and Nakir, when they enter upon him after his death, not to terrify him, and I will widen his grave ⁴⁹⁰ and comfort him from the loneliness of his grave. He will not ask Me for anything on the Day of Resurrection except that I will give it to him.' So blessed is this noble, blessed community of lofty status and exalted rank, for what its Lord has specially granted it of immense honor, magnificent glory, sublime majesty, and great standing, and what He has honored it with of high rank, pure pride, abundant reward, and immense recompense, as an honor for its Prophet, the most honored among the prophets, and as a veneration and exaltation of his lofty station, and as a respect and magnification. So bless him, O Allah, and his family with a blessing by which You grant us his blessing, a complete religion and a straight guidance, and by which You bestow upon us in the abode of Your honor a lofty rank and a great kingdom, by Your favor and generosity, O Most Merciful of the merciful, O Lord of the worlds. Indeed, say to the community of the Prophet Muhammad: 'Blessed are you for the good that you have been granted.' You have attained the heights of excellence through divine care, and you have won the most perfect sainthood and secret. You have obtained from the Merciful every virtue, and you have been gifted with prosperity, victory, and triumph. You have been honored in rank above every community, and you have been ennobled with might, glory, and pride. Your pleasing religion has been elevated above all religions, and He has adorned it with purity, gentleness, and ease. He has made it clear through knowledge, truth, and piety, and perfected it through lineage, asceticism, and righteousness. He has specially distinguished you by making the scholars of your religion resemble the prophets of those who passed before. And greater than that, the throne of the Hereafter moves with joy at the death of one who possesses goodness. Likewise, the angels of the heavens descended to bring their bier and for the gathering in the grave. The greatest of them has been said in the beautiful description of them, and that they are a third of Paradise without mention. And they have from Allah intercession and forgiveness for the sins they have committed. ⁴⁹¹ That matter is above the master of mankind, and the magnification of his rank is for this Generous King. Upon him from the Merciful be the purest greeting, spreading in all directions, fragrant in scent, Covering all the family and the Companions entirely, and his wives who have attained glory. End of the second part of the Virtues of the Chosen One, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, authored by the perfect saint, my master Muhammad al-Mu'ti al-Sharqawi. May Allah benefit us through him, Amen. It was completed in Jumada al-Ula of the year 1316. O Allah, forgive its scribe, his parents, its copyist, and all Muslims, Amen, Amen, Amen. ⁴⁹²

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1. awliya' : Saints; friends of God, those close to Him.
2. sabiq al-azal : Pre-eternity; the timeless state before creation.
3. Ahmadiyya : Relating to Ahmad, another name of Prophet Muhammad, emphasizing his praiseworthy qualities.
4. salik : Spiritual seeker on the path to God.
5. mustafawiyya : Chosen; relating to al-Mustafa, 'the Chosen One,' a title of the Prophet.
6. safar : Journey; here likely referring to a previous work or spiritual journey.
7. shama'il : Noble qualities; physical and moral characteristics of the Prophet.
8. mawlawiyya : Relating to the Lord; divine.
9. hadith qudsi : Sacred hadith; a saying of God narrated by the Prophet, not part of the Quran.
10. Hanafi : Relating to the Hanafi school of Islamic law; here meaning the religion of pure monotheism.
11. hadra : Presence; spiritual station or the Prophet's presence in Medina and Mecca.
12. sirr : Inner secret; esoteric knowledge.
13. al-dhira' : The arm; a reference to a miracle where a roasted arm spoke to the Prophet.
14. Taha : A name of the Prophet from the Quranic chapter Taha.
15. Quran 7:158 : Quranic verse.
16. Allahumma : O Allah; a vocative form used in supplication.
17. dhalika : That; referring to the previous statement.
18. fannayn : Two arts; likely referring to the spiritual and physical aspects of conduct.
19. wa-sallama : Peace be upon him, a formula of blessing for the Prophet Muhammad.
20. Sufyan al-Thawri : A prominent early Islamic scholar and ascetic (d. 778 CE).
21. Salaf : The early pious Muslims of the first three generations, considered exemplary.
22. ḍafaf : Scarcity or sharing; here meaning food that is shared among many.
23. Sunnah : The prophetic tradition and practices of Muhammad.
24. al-kawnayn : The two worlds: this world and the Hereafter.
25. al-thaqalayn : The two weighty things: humans and jinn.
26. tharid : A dish of bread soaked in broth.
27. nabidh : A drink made from soaked dates or raisins, non-alcoholic.
28. siwak : A teeth-cleaning twig made from the Salvadora persica tree.
29. al-ḥaḍra al-nabawiyya al-mawlawiyya : The Prophetic Presence, referring to the spiritual station of the Prophet Muhammad, often used in Sufi contexts to denote the divine presence manifested through the Prophet.
30. Āl Sayyidinā Muḥammad : The family of our master Muhammad, including his descendants and close companions, often invoked in blessings.
31. tharīd : A traditional Arab dish of bread soaked in broth, often with meat.
32. ḥays : A mixture of dates, clarified butter, and dried curd (aqit) or flour.
33. khabīṣ : A sweet dish made from dates, clarified butter, and flour, similar to a pudding.
34. khaẓīra : A type of porridge made from meat and flour or barley.
35. aqiṭ : Dried, salted curd made from milk, often used as a preserved food.
36. ʿajwa : A type of date from Medina, highly regarded and associated with the Prophet.
37. kabāth : A type of fruit, possibly a variety of dates or a similar fruit.
38. ḍafaf : Literally 'crowdedness,' referring to food that has many hands eating from it, i.e., shared food.
39. ḍabb : A type of lizard (spiny-tailed lizard) that was sometimes eaten but disliked by the Prophet.
40. ʿirfān : Gnosis; spiritual knowledge of God.
41. al-ḥaḍra al-mawlawiyya : The Divine Presence; a term referring to God's majestic presence.
42. ṣadaqa : Voluntary alms or charity.
43. awliyāʾ : Saints; friends of God.
44. maṭāhir : Latrines; places of purification.
45. junub : State of major ritual impurity requiring a full bath (ghusl).
46. tharīd : A dish of bread soaked in broth.
47. al-farādīs : The highest gardens of Paradise.
48. waẓāʾif : Litanies; regular devotional practices.
49. jummār : Palm heart; the edible core of a palm tree.
50. al-baqla al-ḥamqāʾ : Purslane; a leafy vegetable.
51. ʿajwa : A type of date from Medina.
52. al-ḥall wa l-rabṭ : The power to bind and loose; authority to decide.
53. khwān : A dining table or tray.
54. futūḥāt : Spiritual openings or illuminations.
55. sunna : Prophetic tradition or practice.
56. al-kawnayn : The two worlds; this world and the Hereafter.
57. al-thaqalayn : The two weighty ones; humans and jinn.
58. al-khaṣmayn : The two opponents; possibly referring to disputing parties.
59. al-ḥaḍra al-mawlawiyya : The Divine Presence, a Sufi term referring to the presence of God.
60. yalʿaqahā aw yulʿiqahā : He licks it or has it licked (by someone else, e.g., a child or servant).
61. min ladunhu : From him, i.e., from the Prophet's knowledge.
62. imām al-ḥaḍra al-rabbāniyya : The imam of the Divine Presence, a title for the Prophet as the leader in the spiritual presence of God.
63. Bi'r Ghars, Bi'r Jasim, Bi'r bi-ḥaddat al-Madīna : Names of wells in Medina: Bi'r Ghars (Well of Ghars), Bi'r Jasim (Well of Jasim), and a well in the outskirts of Medina.
64. nabīdh : A drink made by steeping dates or raisins in water, non-alcoholic.
65. yusammī Allāha ʿinda awwali nafasin... wa yaḥmadu Allāha idhā ākhirahu : He would say 'Bismillah' at the beginning of drinking and 'Alhamdulillah' at the end.
66. bismillah : Arabic phrase meaning 'In the name of Allah', used to begin actions.
67. al-ḥaḍrah al-mawlawiyyah : The Divine Presence; a Sufi term referring to the presence of God.
68. sunan : Plural of sunnah, the practices and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.
69. tanaffasa fī al-ināʾ thalāthan : He would breathe into the vessel three times; a prophetic practice of pausing to breathe outside the vessel while drinking.
70. al-muṣṭafā : The Chosen One; an epithet of the Prophet Muhammad.
71. dhū al-ʿarsh : Owner of the Throne; a reference to God.
72. Ṭāhā : One of the names of the Prophet Muhammad, also the title of a chapter in the Quran.
73. allāhumma : Arabic invocation meaning 'O Allah'.
74. al-burūd al-ḥabarah : Striped Yemeni garments; a type of cloth from Yemen with colored stripes.
75. Sahuli : A type of garment from the region of Sahul in Yemen, known for its coarse texture.
76. Kisrawani : A type of cloak associated with the Kisra (Persian kings), often luxurious.
77. taylasan : A hooded cloak or shawl worn over the shoulders, often by scholars.
78. sundus : A fine silk brocade, often green, associated with Paradise.
79. farruj : A type of outer garment, often made of silk, worn in medieval Islamic times.
80. shamla : A type of cloak or wrap, often made of wool, worn by Bedouins.
81. mulabbada : A felted or thickly woven garment, often used for warmth.
82. qalansuwa : A cap or headgear worn under or without a turban; the 'latiya' type is close-fitting.
83. Harfani : A type of turban from the Harfan region, often black and associated with warriors.
84. tahannuk : The practice of wrapping the turban under the chin and around the neck.
85. 'adhaba : The tail or end of the turban that hangs down.
86. rida' : A cloak or wrap worn over the shoulders.
87. izar : A waist wrapper or lower garment.
88. mizar : A type of loincloth or waist wrapper.
89. qaba' : A long-sleeved garment, often open in front, similar to a coat.
90. shamla : A cloak or blanket-like garment.
91. burd hibara : A striped Yemeni cloak.
92. jubba : A long outer garment, often made of wool.
93. mart : A type of garment made of wool or hair, often striped.
94. majwal : A garment worn in the house, possibly a kind of wrapper.
95. khaluq : A perfumed saffron-based dye or scent used by women.
96. as-Sahab : Meaning 'the cloud'; a name of the Prophet's turban.
97. mintaqa : A belt or waistband.
98. tasbih : The act of glorifying Allah, often by counting on fingers or beads.
99. al-Muṣṭafā : The Chosen One, a title of the Prophet Muhammad.
100. Ṭāhā : One of the names of the Prophet Muhammad, also the title of Surah 20 of the Quran.
101. al-Ḥabīb : The Beloved, a title of the Prophet Muhammad.
102. Jannāt al-Naʿīm : Gardens of Bliss, a term for Paradise in the Quran.
103. faṣṣ : Bezel or stone set in a ring.
104. wariq : Silver, often used for coins or metal.
105. Ḥabashiyy : Abyssinian, i.e., from Ethiopia.
106. ʿaqīq : Carnelian, a type of gemstone.
107. majdhūb : Ecstatic, one who is spiritually attracted or enraptured by divine love.
108. sālik : Wayfarer, a spiritual seeker on the path of Sufism.
109. izār : A waist-wrapper or loincloth, a lower garment.
110. sirwāl : Trousers or pants.
111. khuff : Leather socks or slippers worn for ablution.
112. al-Najāshī : The Negus, the ruler of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) during the Prophet's time.
113. Diḥya al-Kalbī : A Companion of the Prophet known for his beauty, often sent as an envoy.
114. jubbah : A long outer garment, a cloak or robe.
115. quṭb : Pole or axis, a spiritual master in Sufism.
116. sabtiyya : Sandals made from tanned leather with hair removed.
117. makhṣūfatayn : Double-stitched or patched sandals.
118. qibāl : Strap of a sandal that goes between the toes.
119. shirāk : The upper part of a sandal that covers the foot.
120. mukhaṣṣara : Having a waist or narrow middle part.
121. mulassana : Having a tongue or front flap.
122. muʿaqqaba : Having a heel or back part.
123. sibtiyya : Tanned leather, specifically from cowhide, often used for sandals.
124. Ibn 'Umar : Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, a prominent companion and narrator of hadith.
125. Ibn Jurayj : Abdul-Malik ibn 'Abdul-'Aziz ibn Jurayj, a renowned Meccan scholar and hadith transmitter.
126. qibalayn : Two straps or thongs of the sandal that go between the toes or over the foot.
127. al-Tirmidhi : Abu 'Isa Muhammad ibn 'Isa al-Tirmidhi, a famous hadith compiler and author of one of the six canonical hadith collections.
128. makhsufa : Patched or mended sandal, indicating simplicity and humility.
129. Abu Hurayra ibn Sakhr : A prominent companion known for narrating many hadiths; his full name is Abu Hurayra al-Dawsi al-Yamani.
130. al-'Iraqi : Zayn al-Din 'Abd al-Rahim ibn al-Husayn al-'Iraqi, a renowned hadith scholar and critic.
131. Lu'ayy, Fihr, and Malik : Ancestors of the Prophet Muhammad from the Quraysh tribe.
132. Chosroes and Caesar : Titles of the Persian and Byzantine emperors, respectively; the Prophet's message reached their courts.
133. barley : Here refers to a type of coarse woolen cloth, possibly from barley fiber or a metaphor for simplicity.
134. al-Hasan al-Basri : A famous tabi'i (successor) and scholar known for his piety and eloquence.
135. 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud : A close companion of the Prophet and a renowned Quran reciter and jurist.
136. Hafsa : Hafsa bint 'Umar, a wife of the Prophet and a narrator of hadith.
137. wars : A yellow dye derived from a plant, used for coloring cloth.
138. līḥāf : A blanket or coverlet used for wrapping oneself.
139. Nūn wa al-Qalam : Reference to Surah Al-Qalam (68:1), which begins with the letter Nun and the oath by the pen.
140. qibla : The direction of the Kaaba in Mecca, towards which Muslims pray.
141. al-muʿawwidhatān : The two chapters of the Quran (Al-Falaq and An-Nas) recited for protection.
142. majdhūb : A person spiritually attracted to God, often in a state of ecstasy.
143. sālik : A spiritual wayfarer on the path of Sufism.
144. Shaykh Abū al-Ḥasan : Likely referring to Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili, a prominent Sufi saint.
145. ghusl : Full body ritual purification bath required after major impurity.
146. wudu' : Ritual ablution with water for purification before prayer.
147. sahar : The last part of the night before dawn, often associated with prayer and supplication.
148. mushahada : Spiritual witnessing or direct vision of divine realities.
149. fath : Spiritual opening or illumination granted by God.
150. adab al-'ubudiyya : Etiquette or proper conduct of servitude to God.
151. rububiyya : Lordship; the attribute of God as Lord and Sustainer.
152. 'isha' : The night prayer, the fifth of the five daily prayers.
153. tajalla : Manifestation or self-disclosure of divine attributes.
154. siwak : A teeth-cleaning twig made from the Salvadora persica tree, used for oral hygiene.
155. Qur'an 3:190 : Verse from Surah Al 'Imran.
156. surah : A chapter of the Qur'an.
157. qutb : Spiritual pole or axis; a high-ranking saint in Sufism.
158. nash'atayn : The two births: the physical birth and the spiritual birth.
159. nisbatayn : Two lineages: physical lineage and spiritual lineage.
160. rak'a : A unit of Islamic prayer consisting of standing, bowing, prostrating, and sitting.
161. Umm al-Qur'an : The Mother of the Qur'an, i.e., Surah Al-Fatiha.
162. taslim : The greeting of peace said at the end of prayer.
163. witr : The odd-numbered prayer performed after the night prayer.
164. al-salah : The call to prayer; here Bilal reminds the Prophet of the dawn prayer.
165. rak'atay al-fajr : The two supererogatory cycles before the obligatory dawn prayer.
166. Surah Al 'Imran : The third chapter of the Qur'an.
167. Sabbih : Surah Al-A'la (Chapter 87), beginning with 'Glorify the name of your Lord.'
168. al-Kafirun : Surah Al-Kafirun (Chapter 109), 'The Disbelievers.'
169. al-Ikhlas : Surah Al-Ikhlas (Chapter 112), 'Sincerity.'
170. al-mu'awwidhatayn : The two chapters of refuge: Surah Al-Falaq (113) and Surah An-Nas (114).
171. rihani : Pledge or bond; here referring to the soul's pledge to God.
172. mizani : Scale of deeds on the Day of Judgment.
173. al-nadi al-a'la : The highest assembly; the company of angels and prophets.
174. tahajjud : The night vigil prayer performed after sleep.
175. qayyum : The Self-Subsisting, the Sustainer of all existence.
176. takbir : Saying 'Allahu Akbar' (God is the Greatest).
177. tahmid : Saying 'Alhamdulillah' (Praise be to God).
178. tasbih : Saying 'Subhanallah' (Glory be to God).
179. istighfar : Seeking forgiveness from God.
180. khamees : Thursday
181. i'tikaf : Spiritual retreat in the mosque, especially during the last ten days of Ramadan.
182. safiyy : Chosen one, intimate friend.
183. yastaftihu : He would begin or open his supplication.
184. khuff : Leather socks worn over the feet, often used in ablution.
185. adab : Etiquette, refined conduct, and spiritual discipline in Islamic tradition.
186. qāla : He said; used to introduce a prophetic saying (hadith).
187. afā'a Allāhu 'alayhi : What Allah caused to return to him; refers to spoils or property acquired without military conflict, as per Quranic terminology.
188. atāhu : Came to him; refers to an event or situation.
189. as'aluka : I ask You; a supplication formula.
190. raḥmānī : Relating to the attribute of mercy (raḥma) of Allah; a love infused with divine mercy.
191. al-ṣādir wa al-wārid : Terms in Sufism referring to the outgoing (ṣādir) and incoming (wārid) spiritual states or inspirations.
192. sābiqat al-ʿināya al-azaliyya : The precedence of eternal divine solicitude or care, predestined from eternity.
193. Zāhir bādinā wa naḥnu ḥāḍirūhu : A saying attributed to the Prophet: 'Zāhir is our Bedouin and we are his attendants,' indicating honor and closeness.
194. al-mawāhib al-ladunniyya : Divine bestowals or gifts that come directly from God without intermediary, often associated with spiritual knowledge.
195. sirruhu al-aḥmadī : The secret or spiritual reality of the Prophet Muḥammad, referred to as Aḥmad, one of his names.
196. Qur'an 57:21 : Qur'anic verse: 'That is the bounty of Allah which He gives to whom He wills, and Allah is the possessor of great bounty.'
197. Habīb : Beloved; a term of endearment for the Prophet Muhammad, often used in Sufi contexts to denote his special status as the beloved of Allah.
198. Shafī‘ maqbūl : Accepted intercessor; refers to the Prophet Muhammad's role as an intercessor on the Day of Judgment, whose intercession is accepted by Allah.
199. Sūrat al-Tawba 9:33 : Quranic verse: 'It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to manifest it over all religion, although the polytheists dislike it.'
200. Anas ibn Mālik : A companion of the Prophet Muhammad, known for serving him for ten years and narrating many hadiths.
201. Kisrā : Title of the Sassanid emperor of Persia; here referring to Khosrow II, who tore the Prophet's letter and was later defeated.
202. Sulā : The hump of a camel; refers to an incident where the Quraysh placed a camel's placenta on the Prophet's back while he was prostrating.
203. kā'ūb : A calamity or misfortune; a term used in some traditions.
204. shāṣiyah : A she-camel with a branded leg, possibly indicating a mark of ownership or a defect.
205. tawassulāt : Means of approach or intercession, often through the Prophet or saints.
206. Tha'laba : A companion of the Prophet, possibly Tha'laba ibn 'Abd al-Rahman.
207. 'Urwa : Probably 'Urwa ibn al-Zubayr, a prominent scholar and companion.
208. kanāsah : Sweepings or garbage; possibly a place where he stood to earn a living.
209. Daws : A tribe in Yemen; the Prophet prayed for their guidance.
210. Thaqīf : A tribe in Ta'if; the Prophet prayed for their conversion.
211. 'Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb : The second Caliph, known for his strong faith and justice.
212. al-aqālīm : Climes or regions; a term for the inhabited parts of the world.
213. al-fanā' wa al-rāḥatayn : Annihilation and the two comforts; Sufi terms for spiritual states.
214. 'Alī : The fourth Caliph and cousin of the Prophet, known for his wisdom.
215. ṭawd al-majādah : Mountain of glory; a metaphorical description of the Prophet's status.
216. Mu'āwiya : The first Umayyad Caliph, known for his political acumen.
217. Ibn 'Abbās : A cousin of the Prophet, renowned for his knowledge of Qur'anic interpretation.
218. al-ḥabr : A scholar or learned man, often used for Jewish scholars but here for Ibn 'Abbas.
219. al-Nābigha : A poet or companion; possibly al-Nabigha al-Ja'di.
220. al-Sā'ib ibn Yazīd : A companion known for his long life.
221. al-uns wa al-idlāl : Intimacy and boldness; Sufi terms for closeness to God.
222. 'Abdullāh ibn Ja'far : A companion known for his generosity and business acumen.
223. al-Miqdād : A companion, al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad, known for his piety.
224. Fāṭima al-Zahrā' : The Prophet's daughter, revered for her purity and status.
225. Buhayya bint 'Abdillāh al-Bakriyya : A woman from the tribe of Bakr ibn Wa'il who visited the Prophet.
226. Sa'd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ : A companion and military commander, known for his answered prayers.
227. Anas ibn Mālik : A companion who served the Prophet for many years.
228. Mālik ibn Rabī'a al-Sululī : A companion from the tribe of Sulul.
229. majdhūb : One who is spiritually attracted or drawn to God, often in a state of ecstasy.
230. sālik : A spiritual wayfarer or traveler on the path to God.
231. tawassulāt : Acts of seeking intercession or means of approach to God, often through the Prophet or saints.
232. Tajīb : A Yemeni tribe; the text says 'Tajīb' but likely refers to the tribe of Tajīb.
233. Muḍar : A major Arab tribal confederation; here referring to the pagan Quraysh and others.
234. ʿalhaz : Camel hair mixed with blood, eaten during severe famine.
235. Ibn al-Barṣā' : A poet; 'Barṣā'' means 'leprous woman,' referring to his mother.
236. shimāl : Left hand; eating with the left hand is discouraged in Islamic etiquette, as the right hand is used for eating and the left for cleaning.
237. karā'im : Miraculous favors or graces bestowed by Allah upon His prophets, often used synonymously with mu'jizāt (miracles).
238. al-'ishq al-mashwiyyah : The roasted lamb; refers to the incident where a Jewish woman offered the Prophet poisoned lamb, and the lamb's foreleg informed him of the poison.
239. al-jamal : Camel; refers to the miracle of a camel complaining to the Prophet about its owner's mistreatment.
240. al-āfāt : Afflictions or harms; here referring to physical or spiritual protection granted by Allah.
241. tafala : He spat; spitting (often with saliva) was a means of healing used by the Prophet as a miracle.
242. Fadik al-Sa'di : A companion whose name is spelled with a damma on the fa; there is disagreement on the exact spelling and lineage.
243. tab : A well; the text mentions a well called Tabsan, which the Prophet renamed Nu'man, making its water sweet.
244. al-Muhallab al-Ta'i : A companion; the text says he was bald and the Prophet's touch made his hair grow.
245. kunya : A teknonym, a name derived from one's child, e.g., Abu Muhammad.
246. dad : The letter ض in Arabic, considered a hallmark of Arabic eloquence.
247. الْجُهَنِيُّ : Al-Juhani: a companion of the Prophet, likely referring to a specific person from the Juhayna tribe.
248. بَدَائِعِ الْمَصْنُوعَاتِ : Wonders of creation: the marvelous works of God in the universe.
249. كَرَامَاتِهِ الْجَمَّةِ الْمُتَوَاتِرَةِ : Abundant, widely transmitted graces: miracles or extraordinary favors granted by God to the Prophet, reported by many chains of transmission.
250. أَبْيَضَ ابْنِ حَمَّالِ السَّبَا : Abyad ibn Hammal al-Saba: a companion of the Prophet, known for this incident.
251. الْقَوْبَاءَ : Ringworm: a skin disease causing circular patches.
252. شُرَحْبِيلَ أَوْ شَرَاحِيلَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ الْجُعْفِيِّ : Shurahbil or Sharahil ibn 'Uqba al-Ju'fi: a companion of the Prophet.
253. سَلْعَةٌ : Wen: a benign growth or cyst on the skin.
254. كَرَامَاتِهِ الْجَمَّةِ الْمُتَوَاتِرَةِ : Abundant, widely transmitted graces: same as note 3.
255. عُتْبَةَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ : 'Utba ibn Farqad: a companion of the Prophet.
256. الشَّفَى : A disease: possibly a skin condition or ailment; the exact meaning is unclear.
257. مُعَاذِ بْنِ عَفْرَاءَ : Mu'adh ibn 'Afra': a companion of the Prophet.
258. بَرَصٌ : Leprosy: a chronic infectious disease affecting the skin and nerves.
259. مُعْجِزَاتِهِ : Miracles: supernatural acts performed by the Prophet as signs of prophethood.
260. عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ : 'Umar ibn al-Khattab: the second Caliph, a prominent companion.
261. بَيْضَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ : Core of Islam: literally 'egg of Islam', meaning its essence or heart.
262. جَابِرٍ : Jabir: likely Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah, a companion of the Prophet.
263. اغْتِبَاطًا : Envy: here in a positive sense, meaning admiration or desire for similar blessings.
264. جُعَيْلٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ : Ju'ayl al-Ashja'i: a companion of the Prophet.
265. سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ : Sa'd ibn 'Ubada: a companion of the Prophet, leader of the Khazraj tribe.
266. أَبِي طَلْحَةَ : Abu Talha: a companion of the Prophet, known for his generosity.
267. بَحْرًا : Sea: metaphor for a fast, tireless horse.
268. عُمَيْرَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةَ : 'Umayra al-Ansariyya: a female companion from the Ansar.
269. قَدِيدًا : Dried meat: meat preserved by drying.
270. خُلُوفًا : Bad smell: specifically, an unpleasant odor from the mouth.
271. تِهَامَةَ : Tihama: a coastal region in western Arabia, including Mecca.
272. نَجْدٍ : Najd: a central region in Arabia.
273. أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ : Abu Hurayra: a prominent companion known for narrating many hadiths.
274. الْأَوَّاهِ : Oft-returning: one who frequently turns to God in repentance and supplication.
275. الْحَسَنَ وَالْحُسَيْنَ : Al-Hasan and al-Husayn: the grandsons of the Prophet, sons of Fatima and 'Ali.
276. قَتَادَةَ بْنَ النُّعْمَانِ : Qatada ibn al-Nu'man: a companion of the Prophet.
277. عُرْجُونًا : Palm branch: a dried palm frond or stalk.
278. عَرَجَ : Ascended: refers to the Prophet's Night Journey and Ascension (Mi'raj).
279. أَرَافَ : Most gracious: possibly a variant of 'arafa (to be gracious) or a typo; meaning 'most kind'.
280. wasq : A wasq is a unit of dry measure equivalent to 60 sa‘, approximately 130-150 kg.
281. akala : A disease that eats away the flesh, often interpreted as gangrene or a severe infection.
282. ‘Arīb al-ḥayyi : A poetic phrase meaning 'the eloquent one of the tribe' or 'the one who speaks well of the tribe,' used as a refrain in the poem.
283. Qur’an 3:44 : Reference to the verse: 'That is from the news of the unseen which We reveal to you, [O Muhammad]. And you were not with them when they cast their pens as to which of them should be responsible for Mary. Nor were you with them when they disputed.'
284. Qur’an 54:45 : Reference to the verse: 'The host will be defeated, and they will turn their backs.'
285. الرُّعْبَ : Terror or panic, often used in Quranic context to describe a divine punishment.
286. الْمُخَلَّفِينَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ : The bedouins who were left behind, referring to those who did not participate in the expedition of Tabuk.
287. مُسَيْلِمَة : Musaylima, a false prophet who claimed prophethood after Muhammad.
288. صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : Peace and blessings be upon him, a formula of respect for the Prophet Muhammad.
289. مَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً : Much booty, referring to the spoils of war promised to the believers.
290. الم غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ : Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated, the opening of Surah Ar-Rum.
291. لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ : He will surely grant them succession on earth, a promise of caliphate.
292. إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ : When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes, referring to Surah An-Nasr.
293. حُذَيْفَة : Hudhayfa ibn al-Yaman, a companion known for knowledge of future events.
294. سُنَّتِهِ : Sunna, the prophetic tradition and way of life.
295. حَدِيث : Hadith, a report of the sayings and actions of the Prophet.
296. ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ : Ibn Mas'ud, a companion known for his knowledge of the Quran.
297. الدَّجَّال : The Dajjal, the false messiah in Islamic eschatology.
298. النَّجَاشِي : The Negus, the ruler of Abyssinia who protected Muslim emigrants.
299. عُمَر : 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph.
300. عُثْمَان : 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, the third caliph.
301. كِسْرَى : Chosroes, the title of the Persian emperor.
302. قَيْصَر : Caesar, the title of the Roman/Byzantine emperor.
303. سُرَاقَة : Suraqa ibn Malik, a companion who pursued the Prophet during the Hijra.
304. الْعَبَّاس : Al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib, the Prophet's uncle.
305. أُمِّ الْفَضْل : Umm al-Fadl, the wife of al-'Abbas.
306. حَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ : Hatib ibn Abi Balta'a, a companion who wrote a letter to the Quraysh.
307. تَبُوك : Tabuk, a location of a military expedition in 9 AH.
308. أُمَيَّةَ ابْنَ خَلَفٍ : Umayya ibn Khalaf, a Quraysh leader who opposed the Prophet.
309. أُبَيَّ بْنَ خَلَفٍ : Ubayy ibn Khalaf, a Quraysh enemy killed at Uhud.
310. زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ : Zayd ibn Haritha, the Prophet's adopted son and commander.
311. جَعْفَر : Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, the Prophet's cousin and commander.
312. عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ : 'Abdullah ibn Rawaha, a companion and commander.
313. Umayyads : The Umayyad dynasty (661–750 CE) was the second Islamic caliphate, ruling from Damascus.
314. litter : A covered conveyance for women, often carried by a camel.
315. al-Harrah : A volcanic plain near Medina, site of the Battle of al-Harrah in 683 CE.
316. Ka'bah : The sacred cube-shaped building in Mecca, the qibla of Muslims.
317. San'a' : The capital of Yemen.
318. Hadramawt : A region in southern Yemen.
319. Quraysh : The tribe of the Prophet Muhammad, ruling tribe of Mecca.
320. document : Refers to the boycott document against the Banu Hashim, which was eaten by termites except for the name of Allah.
321. Wathilah ibn al-Asqa' : A companion of the Prophet.
322. al-Ansari : A companion from the Ansar (helpers of Medina).
323. al-Thaqafi : A companion from the Thaqif tribe.
324. Zaynab bint Jahsh : A wife of the Prophet, known for her charity.
325. 'Uthman : The third caliph, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, killed in 656 CE.
326. trial of al-Harrah : The Battle of al-Harrah in 683 CE, a conflict between the Umayyads and Medinans.
327. Mushaf : A written copy of the Qur'an.
328. So Allah will suffice you... : Qur'an 2:137.
329. Ibn al-Zubayr : Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, a companion who rebelled against the Umayyads and was killed in 692 CE.
330. Mu'adh ibn Jabal : A prominent companion known for his knowledge.
331. 'Ammar ibn Yasir : A companion killed in the Battle of Siffin in 657 CE.
332. Ibn Abi : Possibly referring to Abdullah ibn Ubayy, a hypocrite leader.
333. Tabuk : An expedition in 630 CE against the Byzantine Empire.
334. 'Umar : The second caliph, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, killed in 644 CE.
335. al-Mughirah : Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah, a companion and governor.
336. Abu Hurayrah : A companion known for narrating many hadiths.
337. Abu Dharr : A companion known for his asceticism.
338. Abu Ayyub : Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, a companion whose grave was in Constantinople.
339. al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad : A companion of the Prophet.
340. sallā llāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam : Standard formula of blessing and peace upon the Prophet Muhammad.
341. mughayyabāt : Unseen or hidden things; here refers to prophecies about future events.
342. Biʾr Maʿūna : A well where a group of Muslims were killed in a betrayal; the Prophet informed of their death before news reached him.
343. Ibn Rawāḥa : Abdullah ibn Rawaha, a companion who died as a martyr at the Battle of Mu'ta.
344. Jaʿfar : Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, the Prophet's cousin, who died as a martyr at Mu'ta with two wounds.
345. Ibn Salūl : Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul, the leader of the hypocrites in Medina.
346. al-Ashʿath ibn Qays : A companion who apostatized after the Prophet's death but later returned to Islam.
347. Samura : Possibly Samura ibn Jundub; the context suggests a prophecy about his death by fire.
348. Quzmān : A man who fought bravely at Uhud but later committed suicide, as the Prophet foretold.
349. Umm al-Qurā : Literally 'Mother of Villages,' a title for Mecca; here refers to its conquest.
350. Usayd ibn Ḥuḍayr : A companion known for his beautiful Quran recitation; angels were said to listen to him.
351. Wahīb al-Sammāʿ : A person whose arrival the Prophet foretold before he came.
352. quṭb : Pole or axis; in Sufism, the highest spiritual authority.
353. Saʿd ibn Khawla : A companion whose death the Prophet predicted.
354. Abū Maṭʿūn : A person the Prophet said would be counted among the dead while still alive, and he died shortly after.
355. al-Zubayr : Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, a prominent companion; his killer was foretold to enter Hell.
356. Uways al-Qarānī : A saint from Yemen, known for his piety and intercession, described by the Prophet.
357. Battle of the Camel : A battle between Ali and Aisha, Talha, and al-Zubayr; the Prophet foretold it.
358. Ḥawʾab : A place where dogs barked at Aisha's camel, as the Prophet predicted.
359. ʿAmmār : Ammar ibn Yasir, a companion whom the Prophet said would be killed by the rebellious group.
360. Banū al-Naḍīr : A Jewish tribe expelled from Medina; the Prophet's sword scattered them.
361. mughayyabāt : Unseen or hidden things; matters of the future known only to Allah, which He reveals to His prophets.
362. al-Ṭaff : The land of Karbala in Iraq, where al-Husayn ibn 'Ali was martyred.
363. jabbār : A tyrant or oppressor; here referring to a ruler from the Umayyad dynasty.
364. al-shīḥ wa al-qayṣūm : Types of desert plants (Artemisia and Achillea), symbolizing remote barren lands.
365. al-kāhinayn : The two tribes: Banu Qurayza and Banu al-Nadir, Jewish tribes of Medina.
366. ṣallā llāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam : May Allah send blessings and peace upon him; formula used after mentioning the Prophet Muhammad.
367. al-Khawārij : The Kharijites, an early Islamic sect that rebelled against 'Ali and later caliphs.
368. Kisrā : Title of the Sasanian emperor of Persia; here referring to the last Sasanian king, Yazdegerd III.
369. al-Hijra : The emigration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE, marking the start of the Islamic calendar.
370. Qadariyya : An early Islamic theological sect that emphasized free will and denied predestination.
371. Murji'a : An early Islamic sect that deferred judgment on sinners, believing that faith alone suffices for salvation.
372. Rāfiḍa : A term used for Shia groups that reject the first three caliphs and emphasize the Imamate of Ali and his descendants.
373. Busra : An ancient city in southern Syria, known as Bosra.
374. year 654 : Corresponding to 1256 CE, referring to a volcanic eruption near Medina.
375. parasangs : An ancient Persian unit of distance, roughly 3-4 miles.
376. 'Illiyyīn : The highest station in Paradise, mentioned in the Quran (83:18-19).
377. Banu al-Aṣfar : A term used in Islamic eschatology for the Byzantines or Romans.
378. Dajjāl : The Antichrist figure in Islamic eschatology, a false messiah who will appear before the Day of Judgment.
379. Mahdi : The guided one, a messianic figure in Islam who will appear before the Day of Judgment to establish justice.
380. jizya : A tax levied on non-Muslims in an Islamic state.
381. Gog and Magog : Two tribes mentioned in the Quran and Bible, associated with chaos and destruction before the Day of Judgment.
382. Tablet : The Preserved Tablet (al-Lawḥ al-Maḥfūẓ) in Islamic belief, on which all destinies are recorded.
383. Cherubim : A class of angels, often associated with proximity to God and worship.
384. akhillah : Literally 'pegs' or 'tent pegs'; here referring to the heavens being firmly established like pegs.
385. al-arsh : The Throne of Allah, the greatest of all created things, often described as the seat of divine sovereignty.
386. al-kursi : The Footstool of Allah, a created entity distinct from the Throne, often interpreted as the domain of divine authority.
387. al-hanifiyyah : The pure monotheistic religion of Abraham, which Islam revives.
388. al-mahmud : The Praised One, a title of Prophet Muhammad, referring to his station of praise (maqam mahmud).
389. al-ruh : The Spirit; here likely referring to a specific mighty angel, possibly Jibril or a supreme angelic being.
390. yawm al-fitr : The day of breaking the fast, i.e., Eid al-Fitr.
391. yawm al-nahr : The day of sacrifice, i.e., Eid al-Adha.
392. Israfil : The angel responsible for blowing the Trumpet on the Day of Resurrection.
393. al-khāfiqayn : The two horizons; east and west.
394. al-Kawthar : A river in Paradise granted to the Prophet Muhammad.
395. Sidrat al-Muntahā : The Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary, a celestial tree marking the end of the known creation.
396. al-Lawḥ al-Maḥfūẓ : The Preserved Tablet, the divine record of all destinies.
397. al-Qalam : The Pen, the first creation that writes destinies on the Preserved Tablet.
398. Quṭb al-Wilāyah : The Pole of Sainthood, a highest spiritual rank in Sufism.
399. Qur'an 67:14 : Verse from Surah al-Mulk.
400. al-Khalīl : The Friend of God, referring to Prophet Abraham.
401. Ṭāhā : A name of the Prophet Muhammad and a chapter of the Qur'an.
402. Qur'an 7:172 : The covenant of Alast, when God asked souls 'Am I not your Lord?' and they replied 'Yes.'
403. al-Ḥanīfiyyah : The primordial monotheistic religion of Abraham, often associated with Islam.
404. qiblah : The direction of prayer, originally toward Jerusalem, later changed to Mecca.
405. takbīr : The phrase 'Allāhu Akbar' (God is Greatest), used to open prayer.
406. taslīm : The concluding salutation of prayer, 'as-salāmu ʿalaykum wa raḥmatu llāh'.
407. Firdaws : The highest level of Paradise.
408. Ṭūbā : A tree in Paradise, or a term meaning blessedness.
409. Sūrān : A place or region, possibly in Syria or Iraq.
410. Ilyā : Jerusalem.
411. Bār : Possibly a name meaning 'pious' or 'righteous'.
412. Qalbihi : Meaning 'his heart', possibly part of a name.
413. al-Mufarriq : The distinguisher between truth and falsehood.
414. Yatīm : Orphan, a name referring to Muhammad's orphanhood.
415. Iblīs : Satan, the devil.
416. jama'a lahu : It is gathered for him; meaning all miracles and virtues of previous prophets were combined in Prophet Muhammad.
417. khuluq 'azim : Great moral character; Quran 68:4.
418. nuthabbitu bihi fu'adaka : We make firm your heart; Quran 11:120.
419. ma kadhaba al-fu'ad : The heart did not lie; Quran 53:11.
420. al-ruh al-amin : The Trustworthy Spirit (Gabriel); Quran 26:193.
421. wa ma yantiqu 'ani al-hawa : Nor does he speak from desire; Quran 53:3.
422. yassarnahu bi-lisanika : We have eased it (the Quran) in your tongue; Quran 19:97.
423. ma zagha al-basaru wa ma tagha : The sight did not swerve nor transgress; Quran 53:17.
424. la tamuddanna 'aynayka : Do not extend your eyes; Quran 20:131.
425. taqalluba wajhika : Turning of your face; Quran 2:144.
426. fawalli wajhaka shatra al-masjidi al-haram : Turn your face toward the Sacred Mosque; Quran 2:144, 149, 150.
427. la taj'al yadaka maghlulatan ila 'unuqika : Do not make your hand chained to your neck; Quran 17:29.
428. yadiq sadruka : Your breast is constrained; Quran 15:97.
429. anqada zahraka : Weighed upon your back; Quran 94:2-3.
430. al-ṣaʿqa : The Blast: the trumpet blast that will cause all creatures to die or fall unconscious on the Day of Resurrection.
431. al-burāq : Burāq: a mythical steed, smaller than a mule but larger than a donkey, with wings, that carried the Prophet during the Night Journey (Isrāʾ).
432. al-mawqif : The Gathering Place: the place where all creatures will stand for judgment on the Day of Resurrection.
433. al-maqām al-maḥmūd : The Praiseworthy Station: a rank of intercession granted exclusively to the Prophet Muhammad on the Day of Judgment.
434. Abū Muḥammad : Father of Muhammad: a title of honor given to Adam, indicating the Prophet's supreme status.
435. Isrāfīl : Israfil: the archangel responsible for blowing the Trumpet on the Day of Resurrection.
436. Ismāʿīl : Ismail: an angel mentioned in Islamic tradition, distinct from the prophet Ismail, who dwells in the air.
437. Fāṭima : Fatima: the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, wife of Ali, and mother of Hasan and Husayn.
438. ḥūrī : Houri: a celestial maiden of Paradise, but here used metaphorically to describe Fatima's purity and beauty.
439. al-Zahrāʾ : Al-Zahra: 'the Radiant One,' a title of Fatima, daughter of the Prophet.
440. ḍād : The letter ḍād (ض) in Arabic, considered unique to Arabic; the phrase 'those who spoke the Ḍād' refers to Arabs, emphasizing the Prophet's eloquence.
441. divine openings : Al-futūḥāt al-ilāhiyya: spiritual unveilings or illuminations granted by God.
442. Dajjal : The Antichrist figure in Islamic eschatology.
443. Day of Regret : Yawm al-ḥasra: a name for the Day of Judgment when the disbelievers will regret their actions.
444. means : Wasīla: a means of approach to God, often referring to the Prophet's intercession.
445. Aḥmadī : Related to Aḥmad, another name of the Prophet Muhammad, meaning 'most praiseworthy'.
446. stations : Maqāmāt: spiritual stages or ranks in the Sufi path.
447. Qur'an 33:45-47 : Paraphrase of Qur'anic verses.
448. Basin : Al-ḥawḍ al-mawrūd: the celestial pool of the Prophet from which believers will drink on Judgment Day.
449. al-Kawthar : A river in Paradise given to the Prophet, also the name of Sura 108.
450. black and the red : A phrase meaning all of humanity, regardless of race or ethnicity.
451. presence : Ḥaḍra: a Sufi term for the divine presence or the spiritual station of the Prophet.
452. comprehensive words : Jawāmiʿ al-kalim: the gift of concise speech encompassing much meaning.
453. supported with terror : Nusira bi-l-ruʿb: the Prophet was given victory by awe cast into the hearts of his enemies.
454. Praiseworthy Station : Al-maqām al-maḥmūd: a station of intercession granted to the Prophet on Judgment Day.
455. raising of the mention : Rafʿ al-dhikr: God exalting the Prophet's name, as in the phrase 'and raised high your fame' (Qur'an 94:4).
456. Spirit : Al-rūḥ: often referring to the Holy Spirit (Gabriel) or a special divine support.
457. means : Al-wasīla: a high rank in Paradise granted to the Prophet.
458. Seven Oft-Repeated : Al-sabʿ al-mathānī: usually refers to Sura al-Fatiha or the seven long surahs.
459. tajalliyāt : Theophanies; manifestations of divine attributes or lights.
460. aʿyān : Fixed entities; archetypal realities in Sufi metaphysics.
461. miskat al-khitām : The seal's musk; a metaphor for the final and most excellent of prophets.
462. labinat al-tamām : The final brick; completing the edifice of prophethood.
463. Burāq : The mythical steed that carried the Prophet during the Night Journey.
464. Ṭayyiba : A name for Medina, meaning 'the good/pure city'.
465. quṭb al-wilāya : The pole of sainthood; the highest spiritual authority in Sufism.
466. Aḥmad : Another name of the Prophet Muhammad, meaning 'more praiseworthy'.
467. abā al-bashar : Father of mankind; i.e., Adam.
468. Kisrā : Title of the Sassanid Persian emperor; here referring to his palace.
469. ḍabb : A type of lizard (spiny-tailed lizard) that reportedly spoke to the Prophet.
470. ṣāʿ : A unit of volume, approximately 2-3 kg.
471. al-jidhʿ : The palm trunk that wept when the Prophet stopped leaning on it for sermons.
472. qāba qawsayn : Two bow-lengths; a Qur'anic phrase (53:9) indicating extreme closeness to God.
473. dhawī al-taṣrīf : Those with spiritual authority or the power of disposition; Sufi saints.
474. as-sarrāt : Plural of sirr, meaning 'secrets' or 'mysteries'; here referring to the elite spiritual states or stations of the Prophet.
475. al-awtād : Literally 'stakes' or 'pegs'; in Sufi terminology, refers to the highest-ranking saints who are the spiritual pillars of the world.
476. al-aqṭāb : Plural of quṭb, meaning 'pole' or 'axis'; in Sufism, the highest spiritual authority, the 'pole' of the saints.
477. al-Lawḥ al-Maḥfūẓ : The Preserved Tablet; in Islamic belief, the heavenly tablet on which all destinies and divine decrees are inscribed.
478. an-naqīr : The small pit in a date stone; metaphorically means the smallest thing, used in the Quran (4:124) to denote an atom's weight.
479. al-qiṭmīr : The thin membrane covering a date pit; also means the smallest or most insignificant thing.
480. Ḥirā' : Mount Hira, the cave where the Prophet Muhammad received the first revelation.
481. al-ʿArsh : The Throne of Allah; the greatest of all created things, symbolizing divine sovereignty.
482. al-jāh : Dignity, honor, or high standing; often used in Sufi contexts to denote spiritual rank or intercessory power.
483. ghurran muḥajjalīn : A description from a hadith meaning 'with bright faces and white limbs' from the effect of ablution; 'agharr' refers to a white blaze on a horse's face, 'muḥajjal' to white socks on legs.
484. al-Barzakh : The intermediate state between death and the Resurrection; the realm of the grave.
485. al-miqrāḍ : Scissors; refers to a specific ruling about cutting off the place of impurity, likely a metaphorical or legal prescription.
486. sabʿūna alfan : Seventy thousand; a number often mentioned in hadith for those who enter Paradise without reckoning.
487. khaṣāʾiṣ : Special characteristics or virtues; here referring to the unique privileges of the Muslim community.
488. ḥasanah : A good deed or merit in Islamic theology, often rewarded multiple times by Allah.
489. al-ḥammādūn : Those who frequently praise Allah, a characteristic of the Muslim community mentioned in prophetic traditions.
490. lahd : A niche or side chamber in an Islamic grave where the body is placed.
491. wizr : Sin or burden, often referring to the weight of wrongdoing.
492. Āmīn : A supplication meaning 'O Allah, accept' or 'so be it,' commonly said at the end of prayers.